Mevalonate pathway is a highly conserved pathway that produces isoprenoids and cholesterol, and it is often increased in cancer cells. Cholesterol, upstream metabolites including isoprenoids and cholesterol derivatives such as oxysterols modulate cell proliferation, motility, stemness and drug resistance. Moreover, when produced by cancer cells or immune infiltrating cells, they modulate the activity of immune populations of the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we will focus on the recent findings demonstrating that cholesterol derivatives may regulate tumor immune recognition or immune escape, playing a critical role in the immune surveillance. Since the mevalonate pathway is druggable, a deeper knowledge of the metabolic cross talks existing between the mevalonate pathway of cancer cells and immune cells may help to identify novel agents targeting cholesterol metabolism, able to boost the anti-tumor activity of the immune populations.

甲羟戊酸途径是产生类异戊二烯和胆固醇的高度保守的途径，并且在癌细胞中经常增加。胆固醇，包括类异戊二烯和胆固醇衍生物（如氧固醇）在内的上游代谢物可调节细胞增殖、运动性、干性和耐药性。此外，当由癌细胞或免疫浸润细胞产生时，它们会调节肿瘤微环境中免疫群体的活动。在这篇综述中，我们将重点关注最近的发现，表明胆固醇衍生物可以调节肿瘤免疫识别或免疫逃逸，在免疫监视中发挥关键作用。由于甲羟戊酸途径是可成药的，