We present a review of the leading theoretical approaches in the field of cuprate high temperature superconductivity. We start out by defining the problem and ask the question: whether an overarching theory possible (which is capable of explaining not only the mechanism of unconventional superconductivity but also a coherent understanding of the strange metal phase and the pseudogap phase)? If it is possible, what should we expect from the overarching theory? We list various experimental facts, and point out what can we learn from them and where do current theories stand in addressing them? Next, we present a critique of the current leading approaches. We conclude that although progress in the field has been unprecedented, but we still lack a coherent understanding.

我们对铜酸盐高温超导领域的领先理论方法进行综述。我们首先从定义问题开始，然后提出一个问题：一个总体理论是否可能（该理论不仅能够解释非常规超导机理，而且能够对奇怪的金属相和伪间隙相进行连贯的理解）？如果有可能，我们应该从总体理论中期待什么？我们列出了各种实验性事实，并指出了我们可以从中学到什么，以及当前的理论在解决这些问题上的立场？接下来，我们提出对当前领先方法的批评。我们得出的结论是，尽管在该领域取得了前所未有的进展，但是我们仍然缺乏一致的理解。