Abstract The problem of interaction between a floating ice cover and an engineering structure is considered, in which the ice–structure contact forces are caused by an increase in ice temperature due to solar radiation in situations, when the lateral thermal expansion of ice is constrained. The focus is on the determination of the maximum thermally-induced horizontal force exerted on a structure wall, assuming that the magnitude of this force is bound by the smallest force capable of fracturing the ice cover due to its buckling. The ice cover is modelled as a rectangular plate of uniform thickness, with its four edges being constrained by vertical rigid walls, and it is assumed that ice deforms, and eventually fails, by the mechanism of viscous creep buckling. The plate is subjected to in-plane axial compressive stresses developing in ice to prevent its thermal expansion due to solar heating, and is transversely (vertically) bent by the forces caused by the reaction of underlying water. The floating ice is treated as a material whose elastic and viscous properties depend on temperature and the ice porosity, and therefore they vary with time and the depth of ice. The results of numerical simulations, conducted for a variety of the ice plate horizontal dimensions, thicknesses and daytime temperature-change scenarios, illustrate the evolution of the plate deflection surface prior to its failure, and show the time variation of the maximum forces exerted by ice on a structure wall as functions of the ice thickness and maximum daytime temperature rise at the top surface of ice.

中文翻译：

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由于冰的热膨胀受限，浮冰对结构施加的最大力

摘要 考虑了浮冰层与工程结构相互作用的问题，在冰的横向热膨胀受到约束的情况下，冰结构接触力是由太阳辐射引起的冰温升高引起的。重点是确定施加在结构壁上的最大热致水平力，假设该力的大小受能够因冰盖屈曲而破裂的最小力的约束。冰盖被建模为一块厚度均匀的矩形板，其四个边缘受垂直刚性壁的约束，假设冰通过粘性蠕变屈曲机制变形并最终失效。该板受到在冰中产生的平面内轴向压缩应力，以防止其由于太阳加热而产生的热膨胀，并且由于底层水的反应产生的力而横向（垂直）弯曲。浮冰被视为一种材料，其弹性和粘性取决于温度和冰的孔隙度，因此它们随时间和冰层深度而变化。对各种冰板水平尺寸、厚度和白天温度变化场景进行的数值模拟结果说明了板偏转面在其失效前的演变，并显示了冰施加的最大力的时间变化在结构壁上作为冰厚度和冰顶表面的最大白天温升的函数。