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Cholinergic modulation of hippocampally mediated attention and perception.
Behavioral Neuroscience ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 , DOI: 10.1037/bne0000405
Nicholas A Ruiz 1 , Monica K Thieu 1 , Mariam Aly 1
Affiliation  

Attention to the relations between visual features modulates hippocampal representations. Moreover, hippocampal damage impairs discrimination of spatial relations. We explore a mechanism by which this might occur: modulation by the acetylcholine system. Acetylcholine enhances afferent input to the hippocampus and suppresses recurrent connections within it. This biases hippocampal processing toward environmental input, and should improve externally oriented, hippocampally mediated attention and perception. We examined cholinergic modulation on an attention task that recruits the hippocampus. On each trial, participants viewed two images (rooms with paintings). On "similar room" trials, they judged whether the rooms had the same spatial layout from a different perspective. On "similar art" trials, they judged whether the paintings could have been painted by the same artist. On "identical" trials, participants simply had to detect identical paintings or rooms. We hypothesized that cholinergic modulation would improve performance on the similar room task, given past findings that hippocampal representations predicted, and hippocampal damage impaired, behavior on this task. To test this, nicotine cigarette smokers took part in two sessions: one before which they abstained from nicotine for 12 hours, and one before which they ingested nicotine in the past hour. Individual differences in expired breath carbon monoxide levels-a measure of how recently or how much someone smoked-predicted performance improvements on the similar room task. This finding provides novel support for computational models that propose that acetylcholine enhances externally oriented attentional states in the hippocampus. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

海马介导的注意力和感知的胆碱能调节。

注意视觉特征之间的关系会调节海马体的表征。此外,海马体损伤会损害对空间关系的辨别。我们探索了一种可能发生这种情况的机制:乙酰胆碱系统的调节。乙酰胆碱增强海马体的传入输入并抑制其内的反复连接。这使海马处理偏向于环境输入,并应改善面向外部、海马介导的注意力和感知。我们检查了一项招募海马体的注意力任务的胆碱能调节。在每次试验中,参与者查看两个图像(有绘画的房间)。在“相似房间”试验中,他们从不同的角度判断房间是否具有相同的空间布局。在“同类艺术”审判中,他们判断这些画作是否可能出自同一位艺术家之手。在“相同”试验中,参与者只需检测相同的画作或房间即可。我们假设胆碱能调节会提高类似房间任务的表现,考虑到海马表征预测的过去发现,以及海马损伤受损,在这项任务中的行为。为了测试这一点,尼古丁吸烟者参加了两次会议:一次是他们戒烟 12 小时,另一次是他们在过去一小时内摄入了尼古丁。呼出气一氧化碳水平的个体差异 - 衡量某人最近或多少吸烟量 - 预测了类似房间任务的性能改进。这一发现为提出乙酰胆碱增强海马体中外向注意力状态的计算模型提供了新的支持。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2020-11-07
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