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Natural fracture, cleat, and strong adsorption impact on low oil and condensate retention in the Carboniferous shales and coals of the western Black Sea Basin of Turkey
AAPG Bulletin ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1306/02262017372
Şamil Şen

Total organic carbon (TOC) values of the Carboniferous shales and coals of the western Black Sea Basin of Turkey range from 0.72 to 71.52 wt. %, with an average of 32.3 wt. %, and generation potential chance from 0.33 to 184.64, with an average of 82.47 mg HC/g rock. Hydrogen index (HI) values of the shales and coals range from 24 to 384 mg HC/g TOC. The HI versus pyrolysis temperature at the maximum rate of kerogen conversion plot indicates that the organic matter is type II–III. The calculated vitrinite reflectance equivalent values of the shales and coals range from 0.63% to 1.32%. Thus, the shales and coals of the Carboniferous formations are represented by immature, effective oil and condensate generation windows. The shales and coals of the Alacaagzi Formation contain high quartz and lower clay. Oil saturation index (OSI) values of the shales and coals have been calculated as being 0.7 and 12 mg HC/g TOC, indicating possible lack of producible oil and condensate. The OSI values are lower than those of other coal-bearing and marine shales of the world. First, strong adsorption capacity may be a cause of the lower oil and condensate retention. Second, faults, natural fractures, and cleats related fluid flows may be important factors in these lower OSI ratios. The extensional, collisional, and inverse tectonic stages and diagenetic processes of coalification formed multiple interconnected faults, natural opening-mode fractures, and cleats in the shales and coals. Thus, 15 coalbed methane exploration wells failed to produce any economical coalbed methane.

中文翻译:

土耳其黑海盆地西部石炭系页岩和煤层中天然裂缝、割理和强吸附对低油和凝析油滞留的影响

土耳其黑海盆地西部石炭纪页岩和煤的总有机碳 (TOC) 值为 0.72 至 71.52 重量%。%,平均为 32.3 重量%。%,生成潜在机会从 0.33 到 184.64,平均 82.47 mg HC/g 岩石。页岩和煤的氢指数 (HI) 值范围为 24 至 384 mg HC/g TOC。最大干酪根转化率下的 HI 与热解温度图表明有机质为 II-III 型。计算出的页岩和煤的镜质反射当量值范围为 0.63% 至 1.32%。因此,石炭纪地层的页岩和煤以不成熟的、有效的石油和凝析油生成窗口为代表。Alacaagzi 组的页岩和煤层含有高石英和低粘土。页岩和煤的含油饱和度指数 (OSI) 值计算为 0.7 和 12 mg HC/g TOC,表明可能缺乏可生产的石油和凝析油。OSI 值低于世界其他含煤页岩和海相页岩。首先,较强的吸附能力可能是油和冷凝液滞留率较低的原因。其次,断层、天然裂缝和割理相关的流体流动可能是这些较低 OSI 比率的重要因素。煤化作用的伸展、碰撞和逆构造阶段和成岩过程在页岩和煤层中形成了多个相互连接的断层、天然张开式裂缝和割理。因此,15口煤层气探井未能产出任何经济的煤层气。表明可能缺乏可生产的油和凝析油。OSI 值低于世界其他含煤页岩和海相页岩。首先,较强的吸附能力可能是油和冷凝液滞留率较低的原因。其次,断层、天然裂缝和割理相关的流体流动可能是这些较低 OSI 比率的重要因素。煤化作用的伸展、碰撞和逆构造阶段和成岩过程在页岩和煤层中形成了多个相互连接的断层、天然张开式裂缝和割理。因此,15口煤层气探井未能产出任何经济的煤层气。表明可能缺乏可生产的油和凝析油。OSI 值低于世界其他含煤页岩和海相页岩。首先,较强的吸附能力可能是油和冷凝液滞留率较低的原因。其次,断层、天然裂缝和割理相关的流体流动可能是这些较低 OSI 比率的重要因素。煤化作用的伸展、碰撞和逆构造阶段和成岩过程在页岩和煤层中形成了多个相互连接的断层、天然张开式裂缝和割理。因此,15口煤层气探井未能产出任何经济的煤层气。较强的吸附能力可能是油和冷凝水滞留率较低的原因。其次,断层、天然裂缝和割理相关的流体流动可能是这些较低 OSI 比率的重要因素。煤化作用的伸展、碰撞和逆构造阶段和成岩过程在页岩和煤层中形成了多个相互连接的断层、天然张开式裂缝和割理。因此,15口煤层气探井未能产出任何经济的煤层气。较强的吸附能力可能是油和冷凝液滞留率较低的原因。其次,断层、天然裂缝和割理相关的流体流动可能是这些较低 OSI 比率的重要因素。煤化作用的伸展、碰撞和逆构造阶段和成岩过程在页岩和煤层中形成了多个相互连接的断层、天然张开式裂缝和割理。因此,15口煤层气探井未能产出任何经济的煤层气。
更新日期:2020-10-01
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