Lane changing is one of the basic driving behaviors and consists of lane-changing decision-making process and lane-changing execution process. However, most existing traffic simulation models focus on lane-changing decision-making process and assume that drivers complete their lane-changing behaviors instantaneously. Then these models may not reproduce the actual traffic phenomenon. Furthermore, there are several failed lane-changing behaviors, referring to that drivers may go back to the original lane during lane-changing process. And the impacts of these behaviors have not been investigated up to now. In order to characterize the lateral movement process and to investigate its impacts on traffic flow, this study puts forward a symmetric two-lane cellular automaton model with lane-changing execution (STCA-LE model). In this model, the lateral movement rules of lane changing vehicles are formulated and introduced. The results of numerical simulation indicate that there is a positive relationship between the lane-changing duration and traffic density that is consistent with observation data analysis. Based on this model, the lane-changing trajectories and impacts of lane-changing process are investigated by introducing the critical lane-changing duration. The results of this study could be taken as an important reference to the development of traffic measures and the designation of intelligent vehicles.

中文翻译：

---

基于CA模型的变道执行过程模型及影响研究

换道是一种基本的驾驶行为，由换道决策过程和换道执行过程组成。然而，现有的大多数交通仿真模型都侧重于换道决策过程，并假设驾驶员立即完成换道行为。那么这些模型可能无法再现实际的交通现象。此外，还有几种变道失败的行为，指的是驾驶员在变道过程中可能会回到原来的车道。到目前为止，还没有调查这些行为的影响。为了表征横向运动过程并研究其对交通流的影响，本研究提出了具有变道执行的对称双车道元胞自动机模型（STCA-LE模型）。在这个模型中，制定并介绍了变道车辆的横向移动规则。数值模拟结果表明，换道持续时间与交通密度之间存在正相关关系，这与观测数据分析一致。基于该模型，通过引入临界换道持续时间，研究换道轨迹和换道过程的影响。该研究结果可作为交通措施制定和智能车辆设计的重要参考。通过引入临界换道持续时间，研究了换道轨迹和换道过程的影响。该研究结果可作为交通措施制定和智能车辆设计的重要参考。通过引入临界换道持续时间，研究了换道轨迹和换道过程的影响。该研究结果可作为交通措施制定和智能车辆设计的重要参考。