Appropriate land use planning plays an active role in soil and water conservation. Considering the financial investment and grain security limitations, land use planning practices should be applied focusing on the critical source areas (CSAs) rather than the complete region. In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to identify CSAs for sediment control in the upper Huaihe River basin. A novel one‐at‐a‐time removal approach was proposed which involves individually removing the land use planning programme at sub‐basin level, after which the related runoff and sediment results were simulated by the validated SWAT model. Then, two influencing indexes (i.e., runoff yield and sediment yield) were used to evaluate the influences on runoff and sediment responses at the watershed outlet, caused by the removal of that land use planning programme. Finally, critical sub‐basins for land use planning were prioritized based on the weighted average of those influencing indexes. Calibration and validation results showed that the SWAT model well represented the monthly streamflow and sediment at the watershed outlet. The Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency values of monthly streamflow and sediment were generally greater than 0.75. Results of the integrated priorities revealed that the most CSAs affecting land use planning implementation were in sub‐basin 11, which was not the sub‐basin yielding the most sediment. The CSAs prioritization determined by the one‐at‐a‐time removal approach can achieve a better erosion control performance than that identified by the simulated sediment loads, which can be applied widely in targeting CSAs for implementation of watershed conservation practices with limited investment and disturbance.

中文翻译：

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在淮河流域上游采用一次一次性清除方法对水土保持的关键源区域进行优先排序

适当的土地利用规划在水土保持中发挥积极作用。考虑到财政投资和粮食安全的局限性，应将土地使用规划做法的重点放在关键来源地区（CSA）而不是整个地区。在这项研究中，使用土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）模型来识别CSA，以控制淮河上游流域的沉积物。提出了一种新颖的一次性清除方法，该方法涉及在子流域一级单独清除土地使用规划程序，然后通过验证的SWAT模型模拟相关的径流和泥沙结果。然后，使用两个影响指数（即径流产量和泥沙产量）来评估对流域出口处径流量和泥沙响应的影响，是由于取消了该土地使用计划而导致的。最后，根据那些影响指数的加权平均值，对土地利用规划的关键子流域进行优先排序。校准和验证结果表明，SWAT模型很好地代表了分水岭出口处的月流量和沉积物。纳西-萨特克利夫月流和沉积物的效率值通常都大于0.75。综合优先事项的结果表明，影响土地利用规划实施的最大CSA位于子盆地11，而不是沉积物最多的子盆地。通过一次清除方法确定的CSA优先级比通过模拟沉积物负荷确定的CSA优先级更高，