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Effects of latitude, host body size, and host trophic guild on patterns of diversity of helminths associated with humans, wild and domestic mammals of Mexico
International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.10.010
María del Carmen Villalobos-Segura , Luis García-Prieto , Oscar Rico-Chávez

Parasites are strictly associated with their hosts and present a great diversity of life histories, often resulting in different diversity patterns than those observed in free-living species. However, ecological approaches have detected that, in some cases, mammal-associated helminths respond similarly to non-parasitic species in terms of diversity patterns. Using 2200 recorded interactions, we analysed the diversity patterns of helminths (Acanthocephala, Nematoda and Platyhelminthes) harbored by humans, wild and domestic mammals of Mexico, depending on latitude, host body mass and trophic guild (carnivore, herbivore, insectivore, omnivore), considering helminth richness and average taxonomic distinctness, and host phylogenetic diversity and phylogenetic clustering. Latitude was positively correlated with the average taxonomic distinctness encompassing the three parasite phyla and nematodes. Northern latitudes had less taxonomically related parasite assemblages. Host body mass had a significant negative relationship with the average taxonomic distinctness of acanthocephalans and the richness of helminths associated to wild hosts. The omnivore hosts had greater parasite richness, while insectivores had a less taxonomically related parasite assemblage and herbivores had a more heterogeneous parasite assemblage. Our results highlight the importance of incorporating different dimensions of diversity, such as average taxonomic distinctness and to consider the composition of parasite assemblages to better understand their diversity patterns.



中文翻译:

纬度,寄主的体型和寄养的行会对墨西哥人类,野生和家养哺乳动物相关蠕虫多样性模式的影响

寄生虫严格地与其寄主联系在一起,并呈现出巨大的生活史多样性,通常导致与自由生存物种不同的多样性模式。但是,生态学方法已经发现,在某些情况下,与哺乳动物相关的蠕虫在多样性模式方面对非寄生虫的反应相似。利用记录的2200种相互作用,我们分析了人类,墨西哥的野生和家养哺乳动物所藏有的蠕虫(棘突虫,线虫和侧柏)的多样性模式,具体取决于纬度,宿主体重和营养协会(食肉动物,食草动物,食虫动物,杂食动物),考虑蠕虫的丰富度和平均分类学上的区别,以及宿主的系统发育多样性和系统发育聚类。纬度与涵盖三个寄生虫门和线虫的平均分类学差异呈正相关。北部纬度与分类学相关的寄生虫组合较少。寄主体重与棘头动物的平均分类学特征和与野生寄主有关的蠕虫的丰富度之间存在显着的负相关关系。杂食动物寄主的寄生虫丰富度较高,而食虫动物的分类学相关的寄生虫组合较少,而食草动物的寄生虫组合更为异质。我们的结果凸显了纳入多样性的不同维度(例如平均分类学差异)并考虑寄生虫组合物的组成以更好地了解其多样性模式的重要性。北部纬度与分类学相关的寄生虫组合较少。寄主体重与棘头动物的平均分类学特征和与野生寄主有关的蠕虫的丰富度之间存在显着的负相关关系。杂食动物寄主的寄生虫丰富度较高,而食虫动物的分类学相关的寄生虫组合较少,而食草动物的寄生虫组合更为异质。我们的结果凸显了纳入多样性的不同维度(例如平均分类学差异)并考虑寄生虫组合物的组成以更好地了解其多样性模式的重要性。北部纬度与分类学相关的寄生虫组合较少。寄主体重与棘头动物的平均分类学特征和与野生寄主有关的蠕虫的丰富度之间存在显着的负相关关系。杂食动物寄主的寄生虫丰富度较高,而食虫动物的分类学相关的寄生虫组合较少,而食草动物的寄生虫组合更为异质。我们的结果凸显了纳入多样性的不同维度(例如平均分类学差异)并考虑寄生虫组合物的组成以更好地了解其多样性模式的重要性。寄主体重与棘头动物的平均分类学特征和与野生寄主有关的蠕虫的丰富度之间存在显着的负相关关系。杂食动物寄主的寄生虫丰富度较高,而食虫动物的分类学相关的寄生虫组合较少,而食草动物的寄生虫组合更为异质。我们的结果凸显了纳入多样性的不同维度(例如平均分类学差异)并考虑寄生虫组合物的组成以更好地了解其多样性模式的重要性。寄主体重与棘头动物的平均分类学特征和与野生寄主有关的蠕虫的丰富度之间存在显着的负相关关系。杂食动物寄主的寄生虫丰富度较高,而食虫动物的分类学相关的寄生虫组合较少,而食草动物的寄生虫组合更为异质。我们的结果凸显了纳入多样性的不同维度(例如平均分类学差异)并考虑寄生虫组合物的组成以更好地了解其多样性模式的重要性。

更新日期:2020-11-12
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