Abstract Plantago australis is considered to be obligately cleistogamous. Here we present evidence based on field work, herbarium collections and literature to show that this species produces both chasmogamous and cleistogamous flowers. We also hypothesise that the species is ambophilic.

中文翻译：

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Plantago australis (Plantaginaceae) 产生交配和闭锁花：田间工作、植物标本室和基于文献的证据

摘要 Plantago australis 被认为是专性闭锁的。在这里，我们提供了基于实地工作、植物标本馆收藏和文献的证据，以表明该物种同时产生交配花和闭锁花。我们还假设该物种是两亲性的。