Several computational models of emotions have been proposed to enable artificial agents to generate emotions of their own. However, there are barriers that limit the full capabilities of these models. One issue is the need to enable emotion generation in autonomous agents in wide range of interaction situations instead of designing specific scenarios. Additionally, it is not practically easy task to ‘effectively’ integrate other human characteristics in emotion generation process of artificial agents, which is essential for variation in behavioural responses of such agents. Moreover, although theoretically it is believed that appraisal variables are associated with emotion intensities, existing emotion literature does not offer a generalisable mechanism to computationally achieve such a mapping—thereby leading to ad-hoc implementations. It is also important to note that emotions expressed by intelligent autonomous agents like robots can have deep impact on people and society, therefore, it is crucial to ensure ethical implications of emotional responses of such systems. In this paper, we endeavour to review the emotion models proposed in the last two decades based on the aspects discussed above and provide recommendations for the development of future computational models of emotion. Our review will mainly revolve around the emotion models that implement the concept of appraisal theory of emotion. Our finding suggests that none of the existing computational models of emotion using appraisal theory implement all the characteristics we identify thereby providing further research opportunities.

已经提出了几种情绪的计算模型，以使人工代理能够产生自己的情绪。但是，存在一些障碍限制了这些模型的全部功能。一个问题是需要在广泛的交互情况下在自主主体中启用情感生成，而不是设计特定的场景。此外，在人造制剂的情感产生过程中“有效地”整合其他人类特征在实践上并非易事，这对于改变此类制剂的行为反应至关重要。此外，尽管从理论上讲，评估变量与情感强度有关，但是现有的情感文献并没有提供一种可通用的机制来通过计算实现这种映射，从而导致了即席实施。还需要注意的是，由智能自主代理（如机器人）表达的情感可能会对人和社会产生深远的影响，因此，确保此类系统的情感反应具有伦理意义至关重要。在本文中，我们将基于以上讨论的方面，努力回顾过去二十年来提出的情绪模型，并为未来情绪计算模型的开发提供建议。我们的评论主要围绕实现情感概念的情感模型进行。我们将根据以上讨论的方面，努力回顾过去二十年来提出的情感模型，并为开发未来的情感计算模型提供建议。我们的评论主要围绕实现情感概念的情感模型进行。我们将根据以上讨论的方面，努力回顾过去二十年来提出的情感模型，并为开发未来的情感计算模型提供建议。我们的评论将主要围绕实现情感概念的情感模型进行。情感评价理论。我们的发现表明，使用评估理论的现有情绪计算模型均无法实现我们确定的所有特征，从而提供了进一步的研究机会。