Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetically based neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability and impaired visuospatial recognition. The aim of this study was to analyze the gait characteristics of WS children with impaired visuospatial recognition using a three-dimensional gait analysis (3DGA) to clarify the gait adaptation needed to compensate for it. 3DGA was performed in 8 WS children with impaired visuospatial recognition (mean age, 11.8 years) and 9 age-, sex-, height-, and weight-matched controls. Clinical data, fundamental motor tests, and gait variables while walking on a flat surface and walking up a mat were compared between the two groups, and the correlations between variables were analyzed in the WS children. WS children showed impairment of balance function without muscle weakness. In walking on a flat surface, the WS group showed reduced walking speed, short step length, increased variability of step length, increased knee flexion throughout the stance phase, increased horizontal pelvic range of motion (ROM), and a low Gait Deviation Index and a high Gait Profile Score, which are indices of gait quality. In walking up a mat, the WS group showed further reduced walking speed and decreased sagittal hip flexion and ankle dorsiflexion ROM in the swing phase. Impaired balance function was significantly correlated with increased variability of step length and decreased sagittal ankle dorsiflexion ROM in the swing phase. The detailed gait pattern of WS children with impaired visuospatial recognition was presented. These findings show that impaired visuospatial recognition and balance function contribute to gait adaptation.

威廉姆斯综合征（WS）是一种基于遗传的神经发育障碍，其特征是智力残疾和视觉空间识别受损。这项研究的目的是使用三维步态分析（3DGA）来分析视觉空间识别受损的WS儿童的步态特征，以阐明补偿它所需的步态适应性。在8例视觉空间识别受损的WS儿童（平均年龄，11.8岁）和9例年龄，性别，身高和体重匹配的对照组中进行了3DGA。比较了两组在平坦表面行走和在垫子上行走时的临床数据，基本运动测试和步态变量，并分析了WS儿童的变量之间的相关性。WS儿童表现出平衡功能受损，没有肌肉无力。在平坦的表面上行走时，WS组的步行速度降低，步长短，步长变异性增加，整个站立阶段的膝关节屈曲增加，骨盆水平运动范围（ROM）增加，步态偏差指数低和步态轮廓分数高，是步态质量的指标。在垫子上行走时，WS组在摇摆阶段的行走速度进一步降低，矢状髋屈曲和踝背屈ROM降低。在摇摆期，平衡功能受损与步长变异性增加和矢状踝背屈ROM降低显着相关。提出了视觉空间识别受损的WS儿童的详细步态模式。这些发现表明，视觉空间识别和平衡功能受损有助于步态适应。