Accessory mineral thermometry and thermodynamic modelling are fundamental tools for constraining petrogenetic models of granite magmatism. U–Pb geochronology on zircon and monazite from S-type granites emplaced within a semi-continuous, whole-crust section in the Georgetown Inlier (GTI), NE Australia, indicates synchronous crystallisation at 1550 Ma. Zircon saturation temperature (Tzr) and titanium-in-zircon thermometry (T(Ti–zr)) estimate magma temperatures of ~ 795 ± 41 °C (Tzr) and ~ 845 ± 46 °C (T(Ti-zr)) in the deep crust, ~ 735 ± 30 °C (Tzr) and ~ 785 ± 30 °C (T(Ti-zr)) in the middle crust, and ~ 796 ± 45 °C (Tzr) and ~ 850 ± 40 °C (T(Ti-zr)) in the upper crust. The differing averages reflect ambient temperature conditions (Tzr) within the magma chamber, whereas the higher T(Ti-zr) values represent peak conditions of hotter melt injections. Assuming thermal equilibrium through the crust and adiabatic ascent, shallower magmas contained 4 wt% H2O, whereas deeper melts contained 7 wt% H2O. Using these H2O contents, monazite saturation temperature (Tmz) estimates agree with Tzr values. Thermodynamic modelling indicates that plagioclase, garnet and biotite were restitic phases, and that compositional variation in the GTI suites resulted from entrainment of these minerals in silicic (74–76 wt% SiO2) melts. At inferred emplacement P–T conditions of 5 kbar and 730 °C, additional H2O is required to produce sufficient melt with compositions similar to the GTI granites. Drier and hotter magmas required additional heat to raise adiabatically to upper-crustal levels. S-type granites are low-T mushes of melt and residual phases that stall and equilibrate in the middle crust, suggesting that discussions on the unreliability of zircon-based thermometers should be modulated.

中文翻译：

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用热力学模型重新评估锆石-独居石测温：来自澳大利亚东北部乔治敦火成岩复合体的见解

辅助矿物温度测量和热力学建模是限制花岗岩岩浆作用的成岩模型的基本工具。来自位于澳大利亚东北部乔治敦内利尔 (GTI) 的半连续全地壳剖面内的 S 型花岗岩的锆石和独居石的 U-Pb 年代学表明，在 1550 Ma 时同步结晶。锆石饱和温度 (Tzr) 和锆石中钛温度计 (T(Ti-zr)) 估计岩浆温度为 ~ 795 ± 41 °C (Tzr) 和 ~ 845 ± 46 °C (T(Ti-zr))深地壳，~ 735 ± 30 °C (Tzr) 和~ 785 ± 30 °C (T(Ti-zr)) 中地壳，~ 796 ± 45 °C (Tzr) 和~ 850 ± 40 °C (T(Ti-zr)) 在上地壳中。不同的平均值反映了岩浆房内的环境温度条件 (Tzr)，而较高的 T(Ti-zr) 值代表更热熔体注入的峰值条件。假设通过地壳和绝热上升达到热平衡，较浅的岩浆含有 4 wt% 的 H2O，而较深的熔体含有 7 wt% 的 H2O。使用这些 H2O 含量，独居石饱和温度 (Tmz) 估计值与 Tzr 值一致。热力学模型表明斜长石、石榴石和黑云母是重质岩相，并且 GTI 套件中的成分变化是由于这些矿物夹带在硅质（74-76 wt% SiO2）熔体中造成的。在推断的 5 kbar 和 730 °C 的位置 P-T 条件下，需要额外的 H2O 来产生足够的熔体，其成分类似于 GTI 花岗岩。较干燥和较热的岩浆需要额外的热量才能绝热上升到上地壳水平。S 型花岗岩是熔体和残余相的低 T 糊状物，在中地壳中停滞和平衡，