Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) in nanofiber or submicron fiber has widespread application areas including the biomedical applications, such as artificial vein, cell cultivation etc. due to both TPU’s and nanofiber’s morphological properties. The morphology and aligment of nanofibers obtained from electrospinning are significantly affected by process parameters, which affect their end uses. This study aims to investigate the effect of process parameters of electrospinning (nozzle axis type, collector type, collector speed and filler types) on morphological properties (fiber orientation, fiber diameter and porous structure) of thermoplastic polyurethanes. Experimental results showed that nanofiber diameter increased with an increase of collector speed due to the relaxation of extensible TPU nanofiber after spinning process. When the rotational speed of collector reaches to 2000 rpm, the orientation could be observed. Using rotational wire collector resulted in thinner and more oriented fibers compared to rotating cylinder collector. Adding salt particles results in thinnest and highly oriented nanofiber webs. Higly porous surfaces were obtained using coaxial technique at the same feeding rates with miscible solvents for both shell and core. It was seen that using solvent with low boiling point in core may lead to higher porous surfaces. Nanofiber diameter increased using coaxial nozzle instead of single axis nozzle.

纳米纤维或亚微米纤维中的热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）由于具有TPU和纳米纤维的形态特性，因此具有广泛的应用领域，包括生物医学应用，例如人工静脉，细胞培养等。通过电纺获得的纳米纤维的形态和适用性受到工艺参数的显着影响，这些工艺参数会影响其最终用途。本研究旨在研究静电纺丝工艺参数（喷嘴轴类型，收集器类型，收集器速度和填充剂类型）对热塑性聚氨酯的形态性能（纤维取向，纤维直径和多孔结构）的影响。实验结果表明，由于纺丝后可延展的TPU纳米纤维松弛，纳米纤维直径随收集器速度的增加而增加。当收集器的转速达到2000 rpm时，可以观察到取向。与旋转圆柱收集器相比，使用旋转金属丝收集器可产生更细，更定向的纤维。添加盐颗粒可产生最薄且高度定向的纳米纤维网。使用同轴技术，以相同的进料速率，对壳和核使用可混溶的溶剂，获得了多孔的表面。可以看出，在芯中使用低沸点溶剂可能会导致多孔表面更高。使用同轴喷嘴代替单轴喷嘴增加了纳米纤维的直径。添加盐颗粒可产生最薄且高度定向的纳米纤维网。使用同轴技术，以相同的进料速率，对壳和核使用可混溶的溶剂，获得了多孔的表面。可以看出，在芯中使用低沸点溶剂可能会导致多孔表面更高。使用同轴喷嘴代替单轴喷嘴增加了纳米纤维的直径。添加盐颗粒可产生最薄且高度定向的纳米纤维网。使用同轴技术，以相同的进料速率，对壳和核使用可混溶的溶剂，获得了多孔的表面。可以看出，在芯中使用低沸点溶剂可能会导致多孔表面更高。使用同轴喷嘴代替单轴喷嘴增加了纳米纤维的直径。