ABSTRACT

Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) pose an increasing hazard to communities living downstream of glaciated areas of the Northern Patagonia Icefield (NPI). The proliferation of GLOF events poses a growing hazard to human development and infrastructure which is rapidly expanding into formerly isolated areas. The outlet glaciers on the eastern flank of the NPI, in particular, have experienced an increase in the frequency of GLOFs, threatening downstream communities with the potential for future events. Using a satellite-derived DEM and UAV imagery, we evaluated flood parameters of a 16 March 1989 GLOF event in the Valle Soler. Calculated flood volume was in excess of 140 × 10⁶ m³ while the peak discharge was approximately 20,000 m³/s. This newly calculated flood discharge value distinguishes this event as the largest recorded glacial moraine outburst flood in the literature and is significantly larger than previous estimates (1,800–2,000 m³/s) for this incident.

摘要

冰川湖溃决洪水 (GLOF) 对生活在巴塔哥尼亚北部冰原 (NPI) 冰川地区下游的社区构成越来越大的危害。GLOF 事件的扩散对人类发展和基础设施构成了越来越大的危害，这些基础设施正在迅速扩展到以前孤立的地区。特别是 NPI 东侧的出口冰川经历了 GLOF 频率的增加，威胁着下游社区，未来可能发生事件。使用卫星衍生的 DEM 和无人机图像，我们评估了 1989 年 3 月 16 日在 Valle Soler 发生的 GLOF 事件的洪水参数。计算洪水量超过 140 × 10 ⁶ m ³而峰值流量约为 20,000 m ³/秒。这个新计算的洪水流量值将该事件区分为文献中记录的最大的冰川冰碛爆发洪水，并且明显大于之前对该事件的估计（1,800-2,000 m ^{3 /s）。}