The recent invention of hybrid breeding technology for potato has led to an increased interest in hybrid potato R&D. Hybrid true potato seeds (TPS) are used to produce planting materials such as transplants and seedling tubers, but can also be used for direct seeding of seed or ware crops. Transplants and seedling tubers can be used to produce seed tubers or ware tubers. The rise in R&D in hybrid breeding creates the need for phenological scales of growth and development of plants produced by the various planting material types of hybrid‐TPS. The BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and CHemical Industry) scale is one of the phenological scales developed for the description of the growth and development stages of plants. In 1993, a BBCH scale with descriptions for potato plants was released. The original BBCH scale gave standardised descriptions for TPS‐ and tuber‐grown plants. Differences in the morphology of plants originating from the different planting materials in terms of types of branches and differences in below‐ground growth and development were not included. Moreover, for reproductive growth stages, crucial for hybrid breeding, the original scale is incomplete as it does not carefully take the complex sympodial branching into account. Methods of describing growth of tubers and berries are complex and impossible to use when final tuber mass or berry size is unknown. The current paper augments the original BBCH scale, while retaining its structure and logic. It provides alternative and comprehensive descriptions of growth stages suitable for potato plants grown from different types of planting materials, and for all end uses of these plants. The proposed scale is detailed enough for research and breeding but still general enough for agricultural use.

中文翻译：

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用不同类型的种植材料种植的马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）的生长发育阶段的增强描述

马铃薯杂交育种技术的最新发明引起了对杂交马铃薯研发的兴趣增加。杂交真马铃薯种子（TPS）用于生产种植材料，例如移栽和块茎，但也可以用于种子或商品作物的直接播种。移植和幼苗块茎可用于生产种子块茎或商品块茎。杂交育种研究与开发的兴起，需要对由多种TPS种植材料类型产生的植物的物候生长和发育进行物候尺度的研究。BBCH（生物医学，生物医学和化学工业）量表是用于描述植物生长和发育阶段的物候量表之一。1993年，发布了带有马铃薯植株描述的BBCH量表。最初的BBCH量表对TPS和块茎植物进行了标准化描述。不包括源自不同种植材料的植物形态在分支类型方面的差异以及地下生长和发育的差异。此外，对于生殖生长阶段（对于杂种育种至关重要）而言，原始规模并不完整，因为它没有仔细考虑复杂的症状性分支。描述块茎和浆果生长的方法很复杂，当最终块茎质量或浆果大小未知时，无法使用。当前的论文在保持其结构和逻辑的同时，扩大了原始的BBCH规模。它提供了适用于由不同类型的种植材料种植的马铃薯植物的生长阶段的替代性和全面的描述，以及这些植物的所有最终用途。拟议的规模足够详细用于研究和育种，但仍足够普遍用于农业用途。