Quinoa offers a promising alternative for staple food, considering its outstanding nutritional value and tolerance to abiotic stresses. To develop breeding programmes in quinoa, a reliable crossing method for increasing the genetic variation is required. In the following study, we aimed to develop segregating populations in quinoa. We tested the efficiency of three different crossing methods (hand emasculation, warm water emasculation and no emasculation). Moreover we developed a two‐stage selection strategy based on morphological traits and molecular markers for the selection of hybrid plants. We reported hand emasculation to be the most efficient crossing method, followed by warm water emasculation and no emasculation. Our results demonstrated that crosses in quinoa can be successfully performed, despite its complicated flower structure and high self‐pollination rate. Additionally, we developed 30 segregating populations from crosses between accessions of different origins with varying phylogenetic relationship, which offers a promising perspective for quinoa breeding programmes in the future.

中文翻译：

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一种在藜麦中产生隔离种群的有效方法（藜麦藜）

考虑到藜麦的杰出营养价值和对非生物胁迫的耐受性，藜麦为主食提供了有希望的替代方法。为了制定藜麦育种计划，需要一种可靠的杂交方法来增加遗传变异。在以下研究中，我们旨在发展藜麦中的隔离种群。我们测试了三种不同的交叉方法（手去皮，温水去皮和不去皮）的效率。此外，我们开发了基于形态性状和分子标记的两阶段选择策略来选择杂交植物。我们报道手去雄是最有效的交叉方法，其次是温水去雄，而没有去雄。我们的结果表明，藜麦杂交可以成功进行，尽管花朵结构复杂，自花授粉率高。此外，我们从具有不同系统发育关系的不同起源的种质之间的杂交中分离出了30个隔离种群，这为将来的藜麦育种计划提供了广阔的前景。