Abstract A simple method by using Ni-based salts as the catalysts has been successfully developed to prepare porous carbons. The results show that Ni-based salts significantly affect the morphology, porous structure and graphitization degree of carbon materials. More importantly, it is found that the anions in the Ni-based salts also play important roles sor have synergistic effects for the formation of carbon materials. The obtained porous carbons can be used as electrode materials for supercapacitors and present excellent electrochemical behaviors. It is found that mesopores can accelerate the ion diffusion, ensuring full utilization of micropores and increasing gravimetric capacitance. Furthermore, a rational proportion between mesopores and micropores is also important for improving the electrochemical performance of porous carbons. In addition, the better electron conductivity arising from higher graphitization degree is also beneficial for the improvement of electrochemical behaviors.

中文翻译：

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阴离子对超级电容器碳材料结构和电化学性能的影响

摘要 已成功开发出一种以镍基盐为催化剂制备多孔碳的简便方法。结果表明，Ni基盐对碳材料的形貌、多孔结构和石墨化程度有显着影响。更重要的是，发现镍基盐中的阴离子也起着重要的作用，对碳材料的形成具有协同作用。获得的多孔碳可用作超级电容器的电极材料，并表现出优异的电化学行为。研究发现，介孔可以加速离子扩散，保证微孔的充分利用，增加重量电容。此外，中孔和微孔之间的合理比例对于提高多孔碳的电化学性能也很重要。