This article presents the state-of-the-art review of high-conversion high-voltage (HCHV) dc–dc converters for a modern aerial vehicle’s power distribution system. Higher dc bus voltages have become a trend in recent aerial vehicle development because of the potential reduction in size and weight of the rest of the power system and an increase in power density. Some front-end dc energy sources, such as fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors, may level at a low voltage and require HCHV dc–dc converters to integrate with the high-voltage dc bus. On the other hand, high-conversion step-down converters are required between the dc bus and various low-voltage electronic loads. A detailed review of HCHV dc–dc converters for an aviation power distribution system is limited in the literature. This article presents two main architectures of such converters. Architecture-I employs individual two-port dc–dc converters to link each source to the dc bus, and Architecture-II uses a single multiport converter (MPC) to connect all the sources to the dc bus. Architecture-I categorizes the two-port dc–dc converter topologies into unidirectional and bidirectional converters, followed by further classifications based on isolation and control schemes. Multiport dc–dc converters for Architecture-II are categorized based on port numbers and then source connection methods. This review investigates multiple topologies within each category or classification, highlighting selected circuit diagrams and their features and shortcomings. This article presents several insightful comparisons, among various bidirectional converters for Architecture-I, and MPCs for Architecture-II, for a designer to choose a proper converter. In terms of converter characteristics, this article focuses on dc voltage gain, power density, efficiency, and reliability, as these qualities are of utmost importance in an aviation application.

中文翻译：

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电气化航空配电系统高转换高压DC-DC转换器概述

本文介绍了用于现代飞行器配电系统的高转换高压 (HCHV) dc-dc 转换器的最新技术评论。由于电力系统其余部分的尺寸和重量的潜在减小以及功率密度的增加，更高的直流总线电压已成为近期飞行器开发的趋势。一些前端直流能源，如燃料电池、电池和超级电容器，可能处于低电压，需要 HCHV dc-dc 转换器与高压直流总线集成。另一方面，直流总线和各种低压电子负载之间需要高转换降压转换器。文献中对用于航空配电系统的 HCHV dc-dc 转换器的详细审查是有限的。本文介绍了此类转换器的两种主要架构。架构-I 使用单独的双端口 dc-dc 转换器将每个源连接到直流总线，架构-II 使用单个多端口转换器 (MPC) 将所有源连接到直流总线。Architecture-I 将双端口 DC-DC 转换器拓扑分为单向和双向转换器，然后根据隔离和控制方案进行进一步分类。Architecture-II 的多端口 DC-DC 转换器根据端口号和源连接方法进行分类。这篇评论调查了每个类别或分类中的多种拓扑结构，重点介绍了选定的电路图及其特点和缺点。本文介绍了架构 I 的各种双向转换器之间的一些有见地的比较，和 MPC for Architecture-II，供设计人员选择合适的转换器。就转换器特性而言，本文重点介绍直流电压增益、功率密度、效率和可靠性，因为这些特性在航空应用中至关重要。