The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the most pathogenic mycobacterium species to humans, has infected up to a quarter of the world’s population, with the occurrence of multidrug-resistant strains on the rise. Research into the detailed composition of the cell envelope proteome in mycobacteria over the last 20 years has formed a key part of the efforts to understand host–pathogen interactions and to control the current tuberculosis epidemic. This is due to the great importance of the cell envelope proteome during infection and during the development of antibiotic resistance as well as the search of surface-exposed proteins that could be targeted by therapeutics and vaccines. A variety of experimental approaches and mycobacterial species have been used in proteomic studies thus far. Here we provide for the first time an extensive summary of the different approaches to isolate the mycobacterial cell envelope, highlight some of the limitations of the studies performed thus far, and comment on how the recent advances in membrane proteomics in other fields might be translated into the field of mycobacteria to provide deeper coverage.

中文翻译：

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分枝杆菌的细胞包膜蛋白质组学

世界卫生组织（WHO）估计结核分枝杆菌作为人类最具致病性的分枝杆菌种，已经感染了全球四分之一的人口，并且出现了多药耐药菌株。在过去的20年中，对分枝杆菌中细胞包膜蛋白组的详细组成的研究已成为了解宿主与病原体相互作用和控制当前结核病流行努力的关键部分。这是由于细胞包膜蛋白质组在感染过程中以及在抗生素抗性的发展过程中以及寻找可被治疗剂和疫苗靶向的表面暴露蛋白的重要性。迄今为止，各种实验方法和分枝杆菌种类已用于蛋白质组学研究。