Abstract

This study evaluated the acute effects of nine different production chemicals typically employed in oil exploration on the toxicity of a synthetic produced water (PW). Bioassays with the Microtox® System were performed to monitor changes in the level of light emission of the marine luminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri during exposure to the samples. The results show that synthetic PW is moderately toxic to these organisms, and the addition of oilfield chemicals significantly increases its toxicity. For most of the additives tested, the toxicity of the aqueous phase following partitioning against crude oil was not strongly altered by the presence of these chemicals. Synergistic effects occurred in the three different mixtures investigated. Among the additives studied, biocide, corrosion inhibitor, H₂S scavenger, and surfactant were the most toxic for V. fischeri. Furthermore, the surfactant has been identified as the possible source of the acute toxicity observed.

摘要

这项研究评估了通常用于石油勘探的九种不同生产化学品对合成采出水（PW）毒性的急性影响。使用Microtox®系统进行生物测定，以监测暴露于样品期间海洋发光细菌费氏弧菌的发光水平变化。结果表明，合成的PW对这些生物具有中等毒性，而添加油田化学品会大大增加其毒性。对于大多数测试的添加剂，这些化学物质的存在并没有强烈地改变针对原油分配后水相的毒性。在研究的三种不同混合物中产生了协同效应。在研究的添加剂中，杀菌剂，缓蚀剂，H₂ S清除剂和表面活性剂对费氏弧菌的毒性最大。此外，表面活性剂已被确定为观察到的急性毒性的可能来源。