Seedbed structure directly or indirectly affects crop establishment by modifying seed-soil contact, acting as mechanical obstacles or modifying temperature, moisture and oxygen contents of seedbed as well as the dynamic of pests, pathogens and weeds. However, very few detailed descriptions of seedbed’s structure of major field crops exist to date, in terms of precise aggregate size distributions in relation to different factors including the cropping system (CS), soil and climatic conditions and their interactions. Here, we characterized seedbeds of major European field crops across three CSs over a 15-year period (1991–2005) of a long-term field experiment. CS I was the succession of spring pea/winter wheat/oilseed rape/winter wheat. Likewise, CSs II and III were the succession of sugar beet/winter wheat/maize/winter wheat with different sowing dates based on two different decision rules aimed at: minimizing the risk of soil compaction in the CS II or maximizing the duration of the crop in the CS III. We classified three types of seedbed structure, namely fine (with >20 mm soil aggregates <15 %), intermediate (with>20 mm soil aggregates >15 < 25 %), and coarse (with>20 mm soil aggregates >25 %). We found a statistically significant effect of CSs (P < 0.05), crops (P < 0.001), previous crops (P < 0.01) and year (P < 0.001) while no significant effect of wheel traffic (P> 0.05) and tillage (P > 0.05) was observed on the soil aggregates > 20 mm. No irreversible effect of the CSs was observed over the study period on seedbed structure and the consequent risks of generating coarser seedbeds, which is unfavorable for crop establishment. This dataset offers a unique description of the seedbed structure variations for major European field crops. This information can be used for future simulation studies of crop emergence, using, for example, the SIMPLE model that has seedbed structure as one of the input variables.

苗床结构通过改变种子与土壤的接触，作为机械障碍或改变苗床的温度，湿度和氧气含量以及害虫，病原体和杂草的动态，直接或间接影响农作物的生长。但是，迄今为止，关于主要作物的苗床结构的详细描述很少，涉及与耕作系统（CS），土壤和气候条件以及它们之间的相互作用等不同因素有关的精确的总大小分布。在这里，我们对一项长期田间试验的15年期间（1991-2005年）中三个CS的欧洲主要田间作物的苗床进行了特征分析。CS I是春豌豆/冬小麦/油菜/冬小麦的继承。同样 CSs II和III是基于两个不同决策规则的不同播种日期的甜菜/冬小麦/玉米/冬小麦的演替，目的是：最大程度地减少CS II中的土壤压实风险或最大程度地延长作物的持续时间。 CS III。我们将苗床结构分为三种类型，即精细（土壤聚集体> 20 mm，<15％），中度（土壤聚集体> 20 mm，> 15 <25％）和粗糙（土壤聚集体> 20 mm，> 25％）。 。我们发现CS的影响（P <0.05），农作物（P <0.001），以前的农作物（P <0.01）和年份（P <0.001）有统计学意义，而轮流量（P> 0.05）和耕作（P P> 0.05）在> 20 mm的土壤聚集体上观察到。在研究期间，没有观察到CS对种子床结构的不可逆作用，以及由此产生的产生粗糙种子床的风险，这不利于作物生长。该数据集提供了欧洲主要大田作物种子床结构变化的独特描述。例如，可以使用具有种子床结构作为输入变量之一的SIMPLE模型，将该信息用于将来的作物出苗模拟研究。