Abstract In this paper, the experiments of projectiles with hypervelocity impact on Whipple shields with Al2024 and NbC/Al2024 ceramic-metal composites as bumper respectively were carried out by using two-stage light-gas gun, and the movement process of debris cloud was recorded through laser shadow photography camera. The hypervelocity impacts of NbC/Al2024 Whipple shield were simulated, and there was good qualitative agreement between the simulations and experiments. The rear wall damage of Whipple shield and motion characteristics of debris clouds induced by projectile impacting on Al2024 bumper and NbC/Al2024 bumper were analyzed by experiment and numerical simulation results. The damage processes and material damage state of NbC/Al2024 bumper induced by projectile impact were analyzed. The results show that the NbC/Al2024 bumper can reduce the velocity of debris cloud and increase the impact area of debris cloud on the rear wall, resulting in the reduction of energy density on the rear wall caused by debris cloud impact. Because the NbC/Al bumper can increase the shock wave pressure within projectile, the projectile can be shattered into smaller fragments, and more projectile materials will melt and vaporized. As a result, the NbC/Al2024 ceramic-metal composites can reduce the damage of the debris cloud to the rear wall and enhance the protective capability of the Whipple shield.

中文翻译：

---

NbC/Al2024陶瓷-金属复合材料的超高速冲击性能

摘要 本文采用两级轻气枪对分别以Al2024和NbC/Al2024陶瓷-金属复合材料为保险杠的Whipple盾牌进行了超高速撞击试验，记录了碎片云的运动过程。通过激光阴影摄影相机。模拟了 NbC/Al2024 Whipple 盾牌的超高速冲击，模拟与实验之间具有良好的定性一致性。通过实验和数值模拟结果分析了抛射物撞击Al2024保险杠和NbC/Al2024保险杠引起的Whipple盾构后壁损伤和碎片云运动特性。分析了弹丸撞击对NbC/Al2024保险杠的损伤过程和材料损伤状态。结果表明，NbC/Al2024保险杠可以降低碎片云的速度，增加碎片云对后壁的撞击面积，导致碎片云撞击后壁上的能量密度降低。由于 NbC/Al 缓冲器可以增加弹丸内部的冲击波压力，弹丸可以破碎成更小的碎片，更多的弹丸材料会熔化和汽化。因此，NbC/Al2024 陶瓷-金属复合材料可以减少碎片云对后壁的破坏，增强惠普尔盾牌的防护能力。由于 NbC/Al 缓冲器可以增加弹丸内部的冲击波压力，弹丸可以破碎成更小的碎片，更多的弹丸材料会熔化和汽化。因此，NbC/Al2024 陶瓷-金属复合材料可以减少碎片云对后壁的破坏，增强惠普尔盾牌的防护能力。由于 NbC/Al 缓冲器可以增加弹丸内部的冲击波压力，弹丸可以破碎成更小的碎片，更多的弹丸材料会熔化和汽化。因此，NbC/Al2024 陶瓷-金属复合材料可以减少碎片云对后壁的破坏，增强惠普尔盾牌的防护能力。