Abstract Previous studies have provided evidence that chemical biocides can condition the behaviour of microbial populations, thereby promoting recolonization by some groups of microorganisms. We conducted a year-long study to evaluate the extent to which fungal and bacterial communities are affected by the biocidal treatments Biotin R®, Biotin T®, Preventol RI80®, New Des 50®, benzalkonium chloride and an ethanol-water (1:1) mixture, used to remove Apatococcus lobatus from the granite walls of the San Martino Pinario Monastery in Santiago de Compostela (NW Spain). Bacterial, fungal, algal and cyanobacterial concentrations were enumerated via microscopic counts of colony-forming units on agar plates, one, six and twelve months after application of the biocidal treatments. Cultivable species were further characterized by morphological taxonomic analysis (algae and fungi) and DNA analysis by sequencing of 16S rDNA gene (bacteria) and the ITS region plus the D1/D2 region of the 28S rDNA gene (fungi) before and after one-year treatment. None of the treatments led to overgrowth of bacteria or fungi, while benzalkonium chloride and water (used as control) treatments were the most effective in preventing bacterial recolonization and Biotin T® was the most effective in preventing fungal recolonization. Although the bacterial population did not increase in numbers after any of the treatments, the diversity was altered, with Bacillus halotolerans disappearing and Bacillus pumilus and Brachybacterium paraconglomeratum appearing in the areas treated with biocides. In fungi, Eutypa sp. was eliminated with all biocides except with Preventol RI80® and no species was promoted.

中文翻译：

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San Martiño Pinario 修道院（西班牙西北部圣地亚哥德孔波斯特拉）的生物杀灭处理引起的异养微生物群落的变化

摘要 先前的研究提供的证据表明，化学杀生物剂可以调节微生物种群的行为，从而促进某些微生物群体的重新定殖。我们进行了一项为期一年的研究，以评估杀菌处理生物素 R®、生物素 T®、Preventol RI80®、New Des 50®、苯扎氯铵和乙醇-水（1： 1) 混合物，用于从圣地亚哥德孔波斯特拉（西班牙西北部）的圣马蒂诺皮纳里奥修道院的花岗岩墙上去除 Apatococcus lobatus。细菌、真菌、藻类和蓝藻的浓度通过在应用杀生物处理后 1、6 和 12 个月的琼脂平板上菌落形成单位的显微计数进行计数。通过形态分类学分析（藻类和真菌）和 DNA 分析，通过对 16S rDNA 基因（细菌）和 ITS 区加上 28S rDNA 基因（真菌）的 D1/D2 区在一年前后进行进一步表征可培养物种治疗。没有一种处理会导致细菌或真菌的过度生长，而苯扎氯铵和水（用作对照）处理在防止细菌重新定殖方面最有效，而生物素 T® 在防止真菌再定殖方面最有效。尽管在任何处理后细菌种群的数量都没有增加，但多样性发生了变化，耐盐芽孢杆菌消失，短小芽孢杆菌和副聚集短杆菌出现在用杀虫剂处理的区域。在真菌中，Eutypa sp。