Abstract

The paper presents the results of the study of objects spatially related to extremely high hydrocarbon (HC) emissions identified in the North Caspian Sea. The analysis of variable geological–geophysical parameters in these objects showed (i) a high correlation with large destruction zones of the crust, (ii) the occurrence in negative forms of the top of the consolidated crust, (iii) elevated Moho top in areas of their occurrence, and (iv) their coincidence with near-shear depressions in the sedimentary sequence. These objects are revealed on the basis of surface reflection. The study of their spatial location allowed them to be correlated with the main clusters of petroleum formation, which can be identified from geological prospecting data. In the South Caspian Sea, petroleum clusters are studied by both seismic survey and drilling up to 7 km. The results of these comprehensive studies substantiate the conclusion on the formation of excitation sources under certain conditions at a deep horizon of the crust favorable for HC generation. The summarized materials from the North and South Caspian Sea suggest that significant areas of higher HC emissions are caused by large-volume fluidizites that formed in the petroleum clusters. These objects occur in the southern areas of the North Caspian region under dominant shear geodynamic regime. The position of the negative structures of the platform cover near the zones of transregional strike-slip faults causes their near-shear type. The association of HC fluidizites with near-shear depressions is caused by their location in the extension areas of the crust favorable for the formation of pull-apart structures. The correlation of fluidizites with various structural-tectonic and sedimentation factors indicates the key role of the deep geodynamic regime in the formation of similar objects.

中文翻译：

---

里海地区（俄罗斯-哈萨克斯坦地区）的剪切地球动力学条件下活化烃类流质岩的形成

摘要

本文介绍了北里海发现的与极高碳氢化合物（HC）排放在空间上相关的物体的研究结果。对这些物体中可变的地质-地球物理参数的分析表明：（i）与地壳的大破坏区域高度相关；（ii）整合后的地壳顶部以负值形式出现；（iii）区域内的莫霍面升高（iv）它们与沉积层序中的近剪切凹陷相吻合。这些对象是基于表面反射来显示的。对它们的空间位置的研究使它们与石油形成的主要群相关联，这可以从地质勘探数据中识别出来。在南里海，通过地震勘探和长达7 km的钻探研究了石油群。这些综合研究的结果证实了在一定条件下在地壳深层有利于产生HC的条件下形成激发源的结论。来自北里海和南里海的摘要资料表明，大量的HC排放较高的区域是由在石油团簇中形成的大量流质岩引起的。这些物体发生在北里海南部地区，处于主导剪切动力学状态。平台覆盖层的负构造在跨区域走滑断层区域附近的位置导致其接近剪切型。HC流体沸石与近剪切凹陷的联系是由于它们位于地壳的延伸区域中，有利于形成分离结构。