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Environmental Carrying Capacity Assessment—the Policy Instrument and Tool for Sustainable Spatial Management
Frontiers in Environmental Science ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 , DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2020.579838
Małgorzata Świąder , Szymon Szewrański , Jan Krzysztof Kazak

Nowadays, we are facing a global change associated with the rapid population growth and natural resources demand, whose impacts are accumulated in space and during the time. Therefore, humanity could be identified as Planet's Ecological Bigfoot. The anthropopressure disturbed the Earth's natural regulatory capacity, which could be noticed by the unavailability of freshwater, irregular temperatures, or interrupted biogeochemical flows. Moreover, the growth of population is expected, as well as the sprawl of urbanized areas, increasing demand for living space, food, and humans' ecological footprint. Therefore, the aim of the study was the implementation of the environmental carrying capacity (ECC) approach for more sustainable spatial management, especially in the context of developing residential areas in the city-region. The research evaluates the spatial policy established by the municipalities of the city and its surroundings and presents alternative scenarios of residential areas development. The alternative scenarios were built using excluded and restricted environmental zones to protect productive ecosystems. The impact of residential areas designed in spatial documents and scenarios has been assessed using the carbon footprint (CF) and biocapacity (BC) indicators within the environmental carrying capacity (ECC) framework. The lifestyle archetypes of the city's residents and its suburban zone were used as the main input for the assessment of CF and the natural areas required to assimilate human consumption. The comparison of CF and BC allowed verifying the consumed vs. available resources and to quantify the state of the environment. First of all, the research indicated the potential areas for the future development of human settlements. Secondly, the potential number of inhabitants in residential areas was assessed. Furthermore, the impact of inhabitants was quantified using the ECC approach. Finally, the surface of natural areas required for CF assimilation was assessed. The proposed approach could be relevant for spatial management, spatial policy evaluation, and modeling. It could provide a management tool and policy instrument for the sustainable development of human settlements. Moreover, it proposes implementation of environmental zones for allocation of land-use for housing purpose in a more sustainable manner, which is currently not used within the ECC assessment.

中文翻译:

环境承载能力评估——可持续空间管理的政策工具和工具

如今,我们正面临着与人口快速增长和自然资源需求相关的全球变化,其影响在空间和时间上累积。因此,人类可以被认定为行星的生态大脚怪。人类压力扰乱了地球的自然调节能力,这可以通过淡水的不可用、不规则的温度或生物地球化学流动的中断来注意到。此外,预计人口将增长,城市化地区的扩张,对生活空间、食物和人类生态足迹的需求不断增加。因此,本研究的目的是实施环境承载能力 (ECC) 方法,以实现更可持续的空间管理,尤其是在城市区域开发住宅区的背景下。该研究评估了城市及其周边地区制定的空间政策,并提出了住宅区开发的替代方案。替代方案是使用排除和限制的环境区域构建的,以保护生产性生态系统。已使用环境承载能力 (ECC) 框架内的碳足迹 (CF) 和生物承载力 (BC) 指标评估了在空间文件和场景中设计的住宅区的影响。城市居民及其郊区的生活方式原型被用作评估 CF 和吸收人类消费所需的自然区域的主要输入。CF 和 BC 的比较允许验证消耗与可用资源并量化环境状态。首先,研究指出了人类住区未来发展的潜在领域。其次,对居住区的潜在居民数量进行了评估。此外,使用 ECC 方法量化了居民的影响。最后,评估了 CF 同化所需的自然区域的表面。提议的方法可能与空间管理、空间政策评​​估和建模相关。它可以为人类住区的可持续发展提供管理工具和政策工具。此外,它建议以更可持续的方式实施环境区,以分配用于住房用途的土地,目前在 ECC 评估中未使用。对住宅区的潜在居民人数进行了评估。此外,使用 ECC 方法量化了居民的影响。最后,评估了 CF 同化所需的自然区域的表面。提议的方法可能与空间管理、空间政策评​​估和建模相关。它可以为人类住区的可持续发展提供管理工具和政策工具。此外,它建议以更可持续的方式实施环境区,以分配用于住房用途的土地,目前在 ECC 评估中未使用。对住宅区的潜在居民人数进行了评估。此外,使用 ECC 方法量化了居民的影响。最后,评估了 CF 同化所需的自然区域的表面。提议的方法可能与空间管理、空间政策评​​估和建模相关。它可以为人类住区的可持续发展提供管理工具和政策工具。此外,它建议以更可持续的方式实施环境区,以分配用于住房用途的土地,目前在 ECC 评估中未使用。提议的方法可能与空间管理、空间政策评​​估和建模相关。它可以为人类住区的可持续发展提供管理工具和政策工具。此外,它建议以更可持续的方式实施环境区,以分配用于住房用途的土地,目前在 ECC 评估中未使用。提议的方法可能与空间管理、空间政策评​​估和建模相关。它可以为人类住区的可持续发展提供管理工具和政策工具。此外,它建议以更可持续的方式实施环境区,以分配用于住房用途的土地,目前在 ECC 评估中未使用。
更新日期:2020-11-02
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