Background: Even though excessive adipose tissue is related to chronic metabolic disturbances, not all subjects with excess weight (EW) display metabolic alterations, and not all normal-weight (NW) subjects have a metabolically healthy (MH) phenotype, probably due to gene-environment interactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction effects of ADIPOQ and PPARG genetic variants in NW and EW individuals with different metabolic phenotypes. Methods: Data on 345 adults from western Mexico were analyzed. The individuals were classified into NW and EW groups according to body mass index, and were categorized as MH or metabolically unhealthy (MUH), considering homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) cut-off points for glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood pressure. Subjects with ≤1 altered parameter were classified as MH. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) –11377C>G, –11391G>A, +45T>G, and +276G>T for ADIPOQ and Pro12Ala for PPARG were analyzed by allelic discrimination. High-molecular-weight adiponectin isoform levels were measured by ELISA. Results: Lower serum adiponectin levels were associated with the MUH phenotype in EW subjects. NW subjects with the GG or TG genotype for the +45T>G SNP had reduced odds of the MUH phenotype. Individuals who carried two copies of the GG haplotype at the –11391G>A and –11377C>G SNPs for ADIPOQ had lower serum adiponectin levels than those with zero copies. Conclusion: In this population, lower serum adiponectin levels were found in the EW-MUH phenotype, and no differences were observed between the NW-MH and the EW-MH phenotype. In addition, the +45T>G SNP was associated with reduced odds of the MUH phenotype.

中文翻译：

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代谢不健康的表型与 ADIPOQ 遗传变异和较低的血清脂联素水平有关

背景：尽管过多的脂肪组织与慢性代谢紊乱有关，但并非所有超重 (EW) 的受试者都表现出代谢改变，并且并非所有正常体重 (NW) 的受试者都具有代谢健康 (MH) 表型，这可能是由于基因-环境相互作用。本研究的目的是研究 ADIPOQ 和 PPARG 遗传变异在具有不同代谢表型的 NW 和 EW 个体中的交互作用。方法：分析了来自墨西哥西部的 345 名成年人的数据。根据体重指数将个体分为 NW 和 EW 组，并根据稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗 (HOMA-IR) 和国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗小组 III (NCEP- ATP III) 葡萄糖的临界点，甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和血压。参数改变≤1 的受试者被归类为MH。ADIPOQ 的单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) –11377C>G、–11391G>A、+45T>G 和 +276G>T 以及 PPARG 的 Pro12Ala 通过等位基因区分进行分析。通过ELISA测量高分子量脂联素同种型水平。结果：较低的血清脂联素水平与电子战受试者的 MUH 表型相关。具有 +45T>G SNP GG 或 TG 基因型的 NW 受试者具有降低的 MUH 表型几率。在 ADIPOQ 的 –11391G>A 和 –11377C>G SNP 处携带两个 GG 单倍型拷贝的个体的血清脂联素水平低于零拷贝的个体。结论：在该人群中，在 EW-MUH 表型中发现较低的血清脂联素水平，并且在 NW-MH 和 EW-MH 表型之间没有观察到差异。此外，+45T>G SNP 与 MUH 表型的几率降低有关。