The use of clean and renewable light sources is increasingly common in organic synthesis due to its safety, practicality and economy. Recently, photoredox catalysis has shown great application values in organic transformations because of its advantages of environmentally friendly and abundant resources. Indoles and their derivatives (indolines, oxindoles and isatins) are the core skeletons of some important organic compounds and widely‐present in various natural products and pharmaceuticals with different biological activities. Therefore, the research on the synthesis and modification of indoles is particularly important for chemists and pharmacologists. This review summarizes the effects of photocatalysis on indole synthesis and modification in recent decades. These transformations are accomplished by using metal photocatalysts (i. e., Ir, Ru, Ni, Cu, Fe, Au, Rh, TiO₂, etc.) or non‐metallic photocatalysts (i. e., Rose Bengal, Eosin Y, quinones, naphthols, N‐heterocyclic carbenes, carbazoles, pyrylium salts, etc.), or without the need of photocatalysts. The detailed mechanisms of these photo‐catalyzed/promoted organic reactions are also highlighted deeply. And we hope this review will be helpful to researchers interested in this promising field of photocatalyzed transformations.

中文翻译：

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吲哚光催化/促进合成及其功能化的最新进展：反应和机理

清洁和可再生光源的使用由于其安全性，实用性和经济性而在有机合成中越来越普遍。近年来，光氧化还原催化由于其环境友好和资源丰富的优点而在有机转化中显示出巨大的应用价值。吲哚及其衍生物（二氢吲哚，羟吲哚和靛红）是一些重要有机化合物的核心骨架，广泛存在于各种具有不同生物活性的天然产物和药物中。因此，对吲哚的合成和修饰的研究对化学家和药理家尤为重要。这篇综述总结了近几十年来光催化对吲哚合成和修饰的影响。这些转化是通过使用金属光催化剂（一世。例如Ir，Ru，Ni，Cu，Fe，Au，Rh，TiO ₂等）或非金属光催化剂（例如Rose Rosegal，Eosin Y，醌，萘酚，N-杂环卡宾，咔唑，吡喃鎓盐等），或不需要光催化剂。这些光催化的/促进的有机反应的详细机理也被深入强调。我们希望这篇评论对对光催化转化这一有前途的领域感兴趣的研究人员有所帮助。