Tectonics in North China and adjacent areas were dominated by the Pacific Plate subduction since the Jurassic. Although the extension‐dominated tectonics in North China since the Early Cretaceous can be well explained by the Pacific Plate subduction, it is still not well understood why North China and adjacent areas underwent intense compression (Yanshanian orogeny) during the Late Jurassic and why these regions rapidly switched to extension‐dominated tectonics during the Early Cretaceous. Plate reconstructions suggest that East Asia was moving rapidly in the direction opposite the trench during the Jurassic when North China was undergoing strong compressional deformation. This relationship between back‐arc deformation and overriding plate's motion seems to contradict previous compilations and geodynamic models. We suggest that large‐scale mantle convection and exotic terrane accretions along the East Asian margin have jointly contributed to the Yanshanian orogeny across North China during the Jurassic. We verify this hypothesis with numerical geodynamic models. Our numerical experiments also suggest that large‐scale downwelling mantle flow beneath Asia has promoted continued subduction beneath the Asian margin despite the subduction was often punctuated by collisional and accretionary events.

中文翻译：

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华北远离海沟的燕山期造山运动：数值模型的意义

自侏罗纪以来，华北及邻近地区的构造以太平洋板块俯冲为主。尽管可以通过太平洋板块俯冲很好地解释了白垩纪以来华北地区以伸展为主的构造，但是对于为什么在侏罗纪晚期华北及其附近地区经历了强烈的挤压作用（燕山造山运动），以及这些地区为何仍未得到很好的理解。在白垩纪早期迅速转变为以扩展为主的构造。板块重建表明，在华北经历强烈的压缩变形时，侏罗纪期间东亚正朝着与海沟相对的方向快速移动。弧形变形与上覆板运动之间的这种关系似乎与先前的编辑和地球动力学模型相矛盾。我们认为，侏罗纪期间，东亚边缘的大规模地幔对流和奇异的地表增生共同作用于整个华北燕山期造山运动。我们用数值地球动力学模型验证了这一假设。我们的数值实验还表明，尽管俯冲常常因碰撞和增生事件而被破坏，但亚洲下方的大规模下行地幔流促进了亚洲边缘以下的继续俯冲。