Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a zoonotic agent with a wide host range, causing significant economic losses in animal husbandry and potential public health risk globally. The causative agent has recently gained attention due to the inter-species transmission among different species of animals, even human beings. Although PRV's prevalence is found in many species of animals, regardless of whether the strain involved is a vaccine, classical or variant, few lines of evidence for the viral transmission route are available. Here, we reported that viral contamination is associated with the inter-species transmission of PRV. We found that PRV contamination was widely distributed in the environment of pig farms, that viral distribution in the environment is associated with the implementation of biosecurity measures, and that PRV could transmit from pigs to dogs through virally contaminated fomites. Collectively, our findings provide a basis for understanding the ecology and transmission route of PRV and underscore the importance of implementing biosecurity measures to control this disease.

伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）是一种人畜共患病原体，具有广泛的宿主范围，在畜牧业中造成重大经济损失，并在全球范围内潜在存在公共卫生风险。最近，由于不同种类动物之间甚至人类之间的种间传播，致病因子引起了人们的注意。尽管在许多动物物种中都发现了PRV的流行，但是无论所涉及的菌株是疫苗，经典疫苗还是变异疫苗，都很少有病毒传播途径的证据。在这里，我们报道了病毒污染与PRV的种间传播有关。我们发现PRV污染在养猪场的环境中广泛分布，环境中的病毒分布与生物安全措施的实施有关，PRV可以通过被病毒污染的有害生物从猪传播到狗。总的来说，我们的发现为理解PRV的生态学和传播途径提供了基础，并强调了实施生物安全措施以控制该病的重要性。