The unit commitment problem is one of the most significant and basic issues in the monitor, control, and operation of modern power systems, which has always been a subject of great concern to researchers and operators as the most extensive human-made system. Before restructuring, one of the main objectives of unit commitment problem was the minimization of the total operation cost of power plants subject to various constraints, including unit and network ones. As the privatization and restructuring process became more serious, the primary purpose of the unit commitment problem has been changed to maximizing the total profit, which led to the emergence of a new concept known as profit-based unit commitment problem. Accordingly, the maximization of the profit for generation companies, all over the studied period, is a top-priority direction. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the profit-based unit commitment problem in restructured power systems by investigating the most important studies on this topic and providing a complete classification. It also outlines the challenges facing researchers in this field, offers new insights, and suggests future directions.

机组承诺问题是现代电力系统的监视，控制和操作中最重要和最基本的问题之一，作为最广泛的人为系统，它一直是研究人员和操作人员最为关注的课题。重组之前，机组承诺问题的主要目标之一是使电厂的总运营成本最小化，这些电厂受各种约束，包括机组和网络约束。随着私有化和重组过程变得越来越严重，单位承诺问题的主要目的已更改为最大化总利润，这导致出现了一个新的概念，即基于利润的单位承诺问题。因此，在整个研究期间，最大化发电公司的利润是当务之急。本文通过研究有关此主题的最重要研究并提供完整的分类，全面概述了重组电力系统中基于利润的单位承诺问题。它还概述了该领域研究人员面临的挑战，提供了新的见解，并提出了未来的方向。