Purpose

Various interventions have been designed to help consumers better evaluate the credibility of online health information (OHI). However, assessing information credibility remained the most widely reported challenge by online health consumers. This review aims to provide an overview of major intervention approaches for improving consumer ability to evaluate OHI credibility in order to identify opportunities for future interventions.

Methods

A scoping review was performed. Seven relevant scientific databases were searched to identify articles that report the design and/or evaluation of interventions to support, facilitate, or assist consumers in assessing the credibility of OHI. Thirty-one articles met the inclusion criteria. Relevant content was extracted from the articles and all codes were validated by second coders.

Results

Three major intervention approaches for enhancing consumers' ability to evaluate OHI credibility were identified: educational program, algorithm, and interactive interface. The design of most interventions (particularly the credibility evaluation component) lacked the guidance of theories, and very few studies systematically evaluated their effectiveness in real online search contexts. Few interventions can provide spontaneous support to consumers while they search online.

Conclusion

Our understanding of what theoretical constructs contribute to effective OHI credibility evaluation interventions and how intervention outcomes should be measured remained limited. Future efforts need to focus on the design, development, test, and evaluation of theory-guided OHI credibility evaluation interventions that are scalable, sustainable, and can provide real-time support to consumers.

中文翻译：

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支持消费者评估在线健康信息可信度的干预措施：范围界定审查

目的

设计了各种干预措施，以帮助消费者更好地评估在线健康信息（OHI）的信誉。但是，评估信息的可信度仍然是在线医疗消费者最广泛报道的挑战。这篇综述旨在概述主要干预方法，以提高消费者评估OHI信誉的能力，从而确定未来干预的机会。

方法

进行范围界定审查。搜索了七个相关的科学数据库，以识别报告干预措施设计和/或评估的文章，以支持，促进或协助消费者评估OHI的信誉。符合纳入标准的文章31篇。从文章中提取了相关内容，所有代码均由第二位编码人员验证。

结果

确定了三种增强消费者评估OHI信誉能力的主要干预方法：教育程序，算法和交互式界面。大多数干预措施（尤其是信誉评估组件）的设计都缺乏理论指导，很少有研究系统地评估其在实际在线搜索环境中的有效性。很少有干预措施可以在消费者在线搜索时为他们提供自发支持。

结论

我们对什么理论结构有助于有效的OHI信誉评估干预措施以及如何衡量干预效果的了解仍然有限。未来的工作需要集中在可扩展，可持续且可以为消费者提供实时支持的理论指导的OHI信誉评估干预措施的设计，开发，测试和评估上。