Methods that allow the self-assembly of colloidal nano/micro-particles into controllable structures are highly important in many applications, such as photonics, biosensors and electronic chemicals. However, the complicated procedures, low assembly efficiency and multiscale integration of self-assembly of colloidal particles have become great challenges. Here, we first develop a hydrophobic-force-induced self-assembly (HFSA) method to fabricate homogeneous and binary colloidal microdroplets by the feed of volatile fluorocarbon oil. Specially, both mono-color and dual-color colloidal photonic crystals (CPCs) can be architected via HFSA in an efficient (within 200 s), coffee-ring free and visualized fashion. Additionally, such effective HFSA process is further confirmed by dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations. Moreover, a variety of multi-structural colored CPCs are available by using hydrophobic reagents, combining with the visualized HFSA process. This work presents an easy-to-perform platform for designing orderly structural materials, which will significantly highlight the development of colloidal assembly methodology.

允许胶体纳米/微粒自组装成可控结构的方法在许多应用中非常重要，例如光子学，生物传感器和电子化学品。然而，胶体颗粒的复杂过程，低组装效率和自组装的多尺度集成已成为巨大的挑战。在这里，我们首先开发疏水力诱导的自组装（HFSA）方法，以通过挥发性碳氟化合物油的进料制造均质和二元胶体微滴。特别是，单色和双色胶体光子晶体（CPC）都可以通过HFSA以高效（在200 s之内），无咖啡环和可视化的方式构造。此外，通过耗散粒子动力学（DPD）模拟进一步证实了这种有效的HFSA工艺。此外，通过使用疏水试剂，结合可视化的HFSA工艺，可以获得多种多结构的彩色CPC。这项工作为设计有序的结构材料提供了一个易于执行的平台，它将显着突出胶体组装方法的发展。