Abstract During the summer of 2019 unusual exceedances of ozone concentration affected NE Spain. A detailed study of two heat wave driven ozone episodes is presented based on the high resolution forecast air quality ARAMIS system, which integrates WRF and CMAQ models. The events occurred on June 28-29 and July 23 2019 and were characterized by synoptic anticyclonic conditions, surface temperatures over the 98th percentile (over the last 40 years), and high ozone values recorded inland due to precursors advection (NO x and VOCs) mainly from Barcelona Metropolitan Area (AMB), limited by an eastern and a western valley. The analysis of measured and ARAMIS modeled concentrations showed that advection on June 28 and July 23 made its way through the eastern Barcelona valley and on June 29 through the western one. Ozone concentration forecasts reflect a general tendency to overestimate peaks, underestimate in low concentration areas and to increase ozone concentrations earlier than observed. Additionally, a trajectory analysis confirmed the precursor advection from AMB and the recirculation between June 28 and June 29. Finally, NO 2 measured in Barcelona was found to have influence in urban and rural ozone concentrations (100 km from AMB).

中文翻译：

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巴塞罗那及周边地区两次热浪驱动的臭氧事件分析：气象和光化学模型

摘要 在 2019 年夏季，臭氧浓度异常超标影响了西班牙东北部。基于集成 WRF 和 CMAQ 模型的高分辨率空气质量预报 ARAMIS 系统，对两次热浪驱动的臭氧事件进行了详细研究。这些事件发生在 2019 年 6 月 28 日至 29 日和 7 月 23 日，其特点是天气反气旋条件、地表温度超过 98%（过去 40 年）以及由于前体平流（NO x 和 VOC）导致内陆记录的高臭氧值主要来自巴塞罗那都市区 (AMB)，受东部和西部山谷的限制。对测量和 ARAMIS 模拟浓度的分析表明，6 月 28 日和 7 月 23 日的平流穿过巴塞罗那东部山谷，6 月 29 日穿过西部山谷。臭氧浓度预测反映了一种普遍的趋势，即高估峰值，低估低浓度区域，并在观察到之前增加臭氧浓度。此外，轨迹分析证实了来自 AMB 的前体平流和 6 月 28 日至 6 月 29 日之间的再循环。最后，发现在巴塞罗那测量的 NO 2 对城市和农村的臭氧浓度（距 AMB 100 公里）有影响。