A novel coronavirus of zoonotic origin (SARS-CoV-2) has recently been recognized in patients with acute respiratory disease. COVID-19 causative agent is structurally and genetically similar to SARS and bat SARS-like coronaviruses. The drastic increase in the number of coronavirus and its genome sequence have given us an unprecedented opportunity to perform bioinformatics and genomics analysis on this class of viruses. Clinical tests like PCR and ELISA for rapid detection of this virus are urgently needed for early identification of infected patients. However, these techniques are expensive and not readily available for point-of-care (POC) applications. Currently, lack of any rapid, available, and reliable POC detection method gives rise to the progression of COVID-19 as a horrible global problem. To solve the negative features of clinical investigation, we provide a brief introduction of the general features of coronaviruses and describe various amplification assays, sensing, biosensing, immunosensing, and aptasensing for the determination of various groups of coronaviruses applied as a template for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. All sensing and biosensing techniques developed for the determination of various classes of coronaviruses are useful to recognize the newly immerged coronavirus, i.e., SARS-CoV-2. Also, the introduction of sensing and biosensing methods sheds light on the way of designing a proper screening system to detect the virus at the early stage of infection to tranquilize the speed and vastity of spreading. Among other approaches investigated among molecular approaches and PCR or recognition of viral diseases, LAMP-based methods and LFAs are of great importance for their numerous benefits, which can be helpful to design a universal platform for detection of future emerging pathogenic viruses.

最近在急性呼吸道疾病患者中发现了一种人畜共患的新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）。COVID-19 病原体在结构和基因上与 SARS 和蝙蝠 SARS 样冠状病毒相似。冠状病毒数量及其基因组序列的急剧增加，为我们对此类病毒进行生物信息学和基因组学分析提供了前所未有的机会。迫切需要 PCR 和 ELISA 等临床测试来快速检测这种病毒，以便及早识别感染患者。然而，这些技术价格昂贵，并且不易用于即时护理 (POC) 应用。目前，由于缺乏任何快速、可用且可靠的 POC 检测方法，导致 COVID-19 发展成为一个可怕的全球性问题。为了解决临床研究的负面特征，我们简要介绍了冠状病毒的一般特征，并描述了用于测定各组冠状病毒的各种扩增测定、传感、生物传感、免疫传感和适体传感，用作检测冠状病毒的模板SARS-CoV-2。所有为测定各类冠状病毒而开发的传感和生物传感技术都可用于识别新浸入的冠状病毒，即 SARS-CoV-2。此外，传感和生物传感方法的引入揭示了设计适当的筛查系统以在感染早期检测病毒以稳定传播速度和范围的方法。在分子方法和 PCR 或病毒性疾病识别中研究的其他方法中，基于 LAMP 的方法和 LFA 因其众多优点而非常重要，这有助于设计用于检测未来新兴致病病毒的通用平台。