The use of 3D scaffolds based on mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) enhanced with therapeutic ions, biomolecules and cells is emerging as a strategy to improve bone healing. In this paper, the osteogenic capability of ZnO-enriched MBG scaffolds loaded or not with osteostatin (OST) and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was evaluated after implantation in New Zealand rabbits. Cylindrical meso-macroporous scaffolds with composition (mol %) 82.2SiO₂–10.3CaO–3.3P₂O₅–4.2ZnO (4ZN) were obtained by rapid prototyping and then, coated with gelatin for easy handling and potentiating the release of inorganic ions and OST. Bone defects (7.5 mm diameter, 12 mm depth) were drilled in the distal femoral epiphysis and filled with 4ZN, 4ZN + MSC, 4ZN + OST or 4ZN + MSC + OST materials to evaluate and compare their osteogenic features. Rabbits were sacrificed at 3 months extracting the distal third of bone specimens for necropsy, histological, and microtomography (µCT) evaluations. Systems investigated exhibited bone regeneration capability. Thus, trabecular bone volume density (BV/TV) values obtained from µCT showed that the good bone healing capability of 4ZN was significantly improved by the scaffolds coated with OST and MSC. Our findings in vivo suggest the interest of these MBG complete systems to improve bone repair in the clinical practice.

使用基于介孔生物活性玻璃 (MBG) 的 3D 支架，增强了治疗离子、生物分子和细胞，正在成为改善骨骼愈合的一种策略。在本文中，在新西兰兔体内植入后评估了富含 ZnO 的 MBG 支架的成骨能力，该支架加载或不加载骨抑制素 (OST) 和人类间充质干细胞 (MSC)。圆柱形介孔大孔支架，成分 (mol %) 82.2SiO ₂ –10.3CaO–3.3P ₂ O ₅–4.2ZnO (4ZN) 通过快速成型获得，然后涂上明胶以方便处理并增强无机离子和 OST 的释放。在股骨远端骨骺处钻出骨缺损（直径 7.5 mm，深度 12 mm）并填充 4ZN、4ZN + MSC、4ZN + OST 或 4ZN + MSC + OST 材料，以评估和比较它们的成骨特征。兔子在 3 个月时被处死，提取骨标本的远端三分之一，用于尸检、组织学和显微断层扫描 (μCT) 评估。研究的系统表现出骨再生能力。因此，从 μCT 获得的小梁骨体积密度 (BV/TV) 值表明，4ZN 良好的骨愈合能力通过涂有 OST 和 MSC 的支架显着提高。