Background Despite the key role played by soil organisms in the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems and provisioning of ecosystem services (Barrios 2007, Bardgett and Putten 2014), available open data on soil biodiversity are incongruously scarce (Eisenhauer 2017, Cameron 2018). This is especially true for Russia, but contrasts long traditions of soil zoological research and large volumes of data that were collected during the second half of the 20th century for the territory of the former USSR. Last year, 41,928 georeferenced occurrences of soil-dwelling arthropods Collembola were digitised and published through GBIF.org. This work continues these activities. The article combines descriptions of three new sampling-event datasets about the various types of anthropogenic load on the diversity and the abundance of Collembola, small arthropods involved in the destruction of organic residues in the soil: Collembola of winter wheat fields in the Kaluga Region: conservation treatment versus conventional one (Kuznetsova et al. 2020). The following variants were studied: 1) treatment with organic fertilisers and tillage, without mineral fertilisers and pesticides, 2) the same, but without tillage, only discing; 3) with mineral fertilisers, pesticides and tillage. Special multi-scale sampling design was used. The material was collected on 24-26 July 2019 in Kaluga Region, European part of Russia. Data on 2226 records on 7302 specimens of 32 species in six fields in 486 soil cores are presented. Collembola of broadleaved forests along gradient of urbanisation in Moscow (Kuznetsova and Ageeva 2020). Sampling plots were placed in oak and lime forests located at different distances from the centre of Moscow. The material was collected in different seasons of 1990–1991. Data on 1737 records on 6873 specimens of 64 species (17 series of sampling, 720 soil cores) are presented. Collembola in clear cutting areas of Arkhangelsk Region: spatial and temporal series of the data (Kuznetsova and Klyueva 2020). Sampling plots were in birch forests of different ages with spruce underbrush and in old spruce forest. The study was carried out in July of 1970–1971 and 1984 in Arkhangelsk Region, European part of Russia. In 1970, cores were taken at sites where the forest was restored 15, 30 and 80 years after clear cuttings, as well as in a 180-year-old spruce forest. In 1984, sampling was repeated in two plots. Data on 1468 records on 18788 specimens of 47 species (seven series of sampling, 720 soil cores) are presented. New information These datasets contribute to filling gaps in the global biodiversity distribution of the Collembola. All datasets present new information about effects of agricultural treatments, urbanisation and clear cutting on springtail diversity and abundance in ecosystems of the European part of Russia.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯欧洲部分生态系统不同类型人为负荷下跳虫的多样性

背景 尽管土壤生物在陆地生态系统的功能和生态系统服务的提供中发挥了关键作用（Barrios 2007，Bardgett 和 Putten 2014），但关于土壤生物多样性的可用开放数据却非常稀缺（Eisenhauer 2017，Cameron 2018）。对于俄罗斯来说尤其如此，但与土壤动物学研究的悠久传统和 20 世纪下半叶为前苏联领土收集的大量数据形成鲜明对比。去年，通过 GBIF.org 对 41,928 次地理参考的土壤节肢动物跳虫进行了数字化和发布。这项工作继续这些活动。这篇文章结合了三个新的采样事件数据集的描述，这些数据集关于各种类型的人为负荷对跳虫的多样性和丰度，参与破坏土壤中有机残留物的小型节肢动物：卡卢加地区冬小麦田的跳虫：保护处理与传统处理的比较（Kuznetsova 等人，2020 年）。研究了以下变体：1) 用有机肥和耕作处理，不使用矿物肥料和杀虫剂，2) 相同，但不耕作，仅打圆；3）用矿肥、杀虫剂和耕作。使用了特殊的多尺度抽样设计。该材料于 2019 年 7 月 24 日至 26 日在俄罗斯欧洲部分的卡卢加地区收集。提供了 486 个土芯中 6 个田地 32 个物种 7302 个标本的 2226 条记录数据。莫斯科城市化梯度沿线的阔叶林跳虫（Kuznetsova 和 Ageeva 2020）。采样地块放置在距莫斯科市中心不同距离的橡树和石灰林中。这些材料是在 1990-1991 年的不同季节收集的。提供了 64 个物种的 6873 个标本（17 个系列采样，720 个土壤芯）的 1737 个记录的数据。阿尔汉格尔斯克州空旷地区的跳虫：数据的时空系列（Kuznetsova 和 Klyueva 2020）。样地分别在云杉灌木的不同年龄的白桦林和老云杉林中。该研究于 1970 年至 1971 年和 1984 年 7 月在俄罗斯欧洲部分的阿尔汉格尔斯克地区进行。1970 年，在砍伐后 15 年、30 年和 80 年恢复森林的地点以及拥有 180 年历史的云杉林中采集了岩心。1984 年，在两个小区重复抽样。提供了 47 个物种的 18788 个标本（7 个系列采样，720 个土壤芯）的 1468 条记录的数据。新信息 这些数据集有助于填补跳虫全球生物多样性分布的空白。所有数据集都提供了有关农业处理、城市化和砍伐对俄罗斯欧洲部分生态系统中跳尾多样性和丰度的影响的新信息。