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NKX6.1 transcription factor: a crucial regulator of pancreatic β cell development, identity, and proliferation
Stem Cell Research & Therapy ( IF 7.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-29 , DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01977-0
Idil I Aigha 1, 2 , Essam M Abdelalim 1, 2
Affiliation  

Understanding the biology underlying the mechanisms and pathways regulating pancreatic β cell development is necessary to understand the pathology of diabetes mellitus (DM), which is characterized by the progressive reduction in insulin-producing β cell mass. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can potentially offer an unlimited supply of functional β cells for cellular therapy and disease modeling of DM. Homeobox protein NKX6.1 is a transcription factor (TF) that plays a critical role in pancreatic β cell function and proliferation. In human pancreatic islet, NKX6.1 expression is exclusive to β cells and is undetectable in other islet cells. Several reports showed that activation of NKX6.1 in PSC-derived pancreatic progenitors (MPCs), expressing PDX1 (PDX1+/NKX6.1+), warrants their future commitment to monohormonal β cells. However, further differentiation of MPCs lacking NKX6.1 expression (PDX1+/NKX6.1−) results in an undesirable generation of non-functional polyhormonal β cells. The importance of NKX6.1 as a crucial regulator in MPC specification into functional β cells directs attentions to further investigating its mechanism and enhancing NKX6.1 expression as a means to increase β cell function and mass. Here, we shed light on the role of NKX6.1 during pancreatic β cell development and in directing the MPCs to functional monohormonal lineage. Furthermore, we address the transcriptional mechanisms and targets of NKX6.1 as well as its association with diabetes.

中文翻译:

NKX6.1 转录因子:胰腺 β 细胞发育、身份和增殖的关键调节因子

了解调节胰腺 β 细胞发育的机制和途径背后的生物学对于了解糖尿病 (DM) 的病理学是必要的,其特征是产生胰岛素的 β 细胞量逐渐减少。多能干细胞 (PSC) 可能为 DM 的细胞治疗和疾病建模提供无限量的功能性 β 细胞。同源盒蛋白 NKX6.1 是一种转录因子 (TF),在胰腺 β 细胞功能和增殖中起关键作用。在人胰岛中,NKX6.1 的表达是 β 细胞独有的,在其他胰岛细胞中是检测不到的。几份报告显示,表达 PDX1 (PDX1+/NKX6.1+) 的 PSC 衍生胰腺祖细胞 (MPC) 中 NKX6.1 的激活保证了它们未来对单激素 β 细胞的承诺。然而,缺乏 NKX6.1 表达 (PDX1+/NKX6.1-) 的 MPC 的进一步分化导致非功能性多激素 β 细胞的不良生成。NKX6.1 作为 MPC 规范中功能性 β 细胞的关键调节因子的重要性将注意力引向进一步研究其机制和增强 NKX6.1 表达作为增加 β 细胞功能和质量的一种手段。在这里,我们阐明了 NKX6.1 在胰腺 β 细胞发育过程中以及在将 MPC 引导至功能性单激素谱系中的作用。此外,我们解决了 NKX6.1 的转录机制和靶标以及它与糖尿病的关系。1作为MPC规范进入功能性β细胞的关键调节因子,将注意力引向进一步研究其机制并增强NKX6.1表达作为增加β细胞功能和质量的手段。在这里,我们阐明了 NKX6.1 在胰腺 β 细胞发育过程中以及在将 MPC 引导至功能性单激素谱系中的作用。此外,我们解决了 NKX6.1 的转录机制和靶标以及它与糖尿病的关系。1作为MPC规范进入功能性β细胞的关键调节因子,将注意力引向进一步研究其机制并增强NKX6.1表达作为增加β细胞功能和质量的手段。在这里,我们阐明了 NKX6.1 在胰腺 β 细胞发育过程中以及在将 MPC 引导至功能性单激素谱系中的作用。此外,我们解决了 NKX6.1 的转录机制和靶标以及它与糖尿病的关系。
更新日期:2020-10-30
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