In agricultural practices, continuous cultivation of genetically modified crops with high commercial value has a definite impact on soil microbial diversity. Soil microorganisms directly define the operational degree and function realization of the soil ecosystem. To understand the safety of environmental release, we studied the effects of continuous cropping of transgenic cotton on the diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil. We have applied a high-throughput sequencing method and compared the bacterial community structure as well as diversity of rhizosphere soil of the transgenic cotton line (25C-1) and its parent cotton line (TH2). Structural analysis of the bacterial community showed that Arthrobacter and Sphingomonas are significantly enriched after continuous cropping of transgenic cotton lines and had a positive impact on the soil’s ecological environment. Interestingly, parameters of the physical and chemical properties of soil used for the continuous cropping of the two cotton lines for 3 consecutive years show no detectable change, other than total nitrogen. Notably, Spearman’s correlation analysis suggests that total nitrogen is the key environmental factor that affects the bacterial community of the soil used to cultivate the transgenic cotton. We did not find a notable difference in species diversity between the two samples. However, the proportions of beneficial bacteria (Arthrobacter and Sphingomonas) increased and the total nitrogen content has changed in 3 years. These results provide necessary insights into the function and role of bacteria in transgenic cotton. This study will help future investigators assess the potential ecological risks of genetically modified plants.

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转基因棉花连作对土壤细菌群落的影响

在农业实践中，具有高商业价值的转基因作物的连续栽培对土壤微生物多样性具有确定的影响。土壤微生物直接决定了土壤生态系统的运行程度和功能实现。为了了解环境释放的安全性，我们研究了连续种植转基因棉花对根际土壤细菌群落多样性的影响。我们应用了高通量测序方法，比较了转基因棉花品系（25C-1）及其亲本棉花品系（TH2）的细菌群落结构以及根际土壤的多样性。细菌群落的结构分析表明，连续种植转基因棉花后，节杆菌和鞘氨醇单胞菌明显富集，对土壤生态环境产生了积极影响。有趣的是，连续三年连续种植两条棉线的土壤的物理和化学参数除总氮外均未发现变化。值得注意的是，Spearman的相关分析表明，总氮是影响种植转基因棉花的土壤细菌群落的关键环境因素。我们没有发现两个样品之间物种多样性的显着差异。然而，有益细菌（Arthrobacter和Sphingomonas）的比例增加，并且总氮含量在3年内发生了变化。这些结果为转基因棉花中细菌的功能和作用提供了必要的见识。这项研究将帮助未来的研究人员评估转基因植物的潜在生态风险。