A simple ultrasonic assisted chemical technique was used to synthesise cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles (NPs) and CdO NPs/c-Multiwalled carbon nanotube (c-MWCNT) nanocomposite fibres.To confirm the physio-chemico properties and to analyse surface morphology of the obtained nanomaterials X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were performed. To evaluate the anti-cancer property of CdO NPs, c-MWCNT NPs and CdO NPs/c-MWCNT nanocomposite fibres, an anti-proliferative assay test (Methylthiazolyl diphenyl- tetrazolium bromide - MTT assay) were performed on HeLa cells which further estimated IC50 value (Least concentration of sample in which nearly 50% of cells remain alive) under in-vitro conditions. On comparison, CdONPs/c-MWCNT based system was found to be superior by achieving 52.3% cell viability with its minimal IC50 value of 31.2 μg/ml. Lastly, the CdO NPs based system was taken up for an apoptotic study using DNA fragmentation assay for estimating its ability to cleave the DNA of the HeLa cells into internucleosomal fragments using the agarose gel electrophoresis method. In conclusion, based on our observations, CdO NPs/c-MWCNT hybrid based system can be further used for the development of efficient drug delivery and therapeutic systems.

中文翻译：

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CdO 纳米颗粒、c-MWCNT 纳米颗粒和 CdO 纳米颗粒/c-MWCNT 纳米复合纤维：HeLa 癌细胞系中抗增殖和凋亡研究的体外评估

采用简单的超声辅助化学技术合成氧化镉（CdO）纳米颗粒（NPs）和CdO NPs/c-多壁碳纳米管（c-MWCNT）纳米复合纤维。对获得的纳米材料进行X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)。为了评估 CdO NPs、c-MWCNT NPs 和 CdO NPs/c-MWCNT 纳米复合纤维的抗癌特性，对 HeLa 细胞进行了抗增殖试验（甲基噻唑基二苯基溴化四唑 - MTT 试验），进一步估计了 IC50体外条件下的值（其中近 50% 的细胞仍然存活的样品的最低浓度）。对比之下，发现基于 CdONPs/c-MWCNT 的系统通过实现 52.3% 的细胞活力以及其 31.2 μg/ml 的最小 IC50 值具有优越性。最后，采用基于 CdO NPs 的系统进行凋亡研究，使用 DNA 片段化测定法估计其使用琼脂糖凝胶电泳方法将 HeLa 细胞的 DNA 切割成核小体间片段的能力。总之，根据我们的观察，基于 CdO NPs/c-MWCNT 混合的系统可以进一步用于开发有效的药物输送和治疗系统。