The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an emerging model system in several research areas worldwide, especially in the Global South. In this context, the present study revised the historical use and trends of zebrafish as experimental models in Brazil. The data concerning the bibliometric parameters, research areas, geographic distribution, experimental design, zebrafish strain, and reporter lines, as well as recent advances were revised. In addition, the comparative trends of Brazilian and global research were discussed. Revised data showed the rapid growth of Brazilian scientific production using zebrafish as a model, especially in three main research areas (Neuroscience &and Behavior, Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Environment/Ecology). Studies were conducted in 19 Brazilian states (70.37%), confirming the wide geographic distribution and importance of zebrafish research. Results indicated that research related to toxicological approaches are widespread in Global South countries such as Brazil. Studies were performed mainly using in vivo tests (89.58%) with adult fish (59.75%) and embryos (30.67%). Moreover, significant research gaps and recommendations for future research are presented. The present study shows that the zebrafish is a suitable vertebrate model system in the Global South.

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斑马鱼作为全球南方的新兴模型系统：巴西两个十年的研究

斑马鱼（Danio rerio）是全球多个研究领域（尤其是南半球）的新兴模型系统。在这种情况下，本研究将斑马鱼的历史用途和趋势作为巴西的实验模型进行了修订。修订了有关文献计量参数，研究领域，地理分布，实验设计，斑马鱼品系和报告基因系的数据，以及最近的进展。此外，还讨论了巴西和全球研究的比较趋势。修改后的数据显示，以斑马鱼为模型的巴西科学生产快速增长，特别是在三个主要研究领域（神经科学与行为，药理毒理学和环境/生态学）。在巴西的19个州（70.37％）进行了研究，证实了斑马鱼研究的广泛地理分布和重要性。结果表明，与毒理学方法有关的研究在巴西等全球南方国家中得到了广泛的应用。研究主要使用成年鱼（59.75％）和胚胎（30.67％）的体内测试（89.58％）。此外，还提出了重大的研究空白和对未来研究的建议。本研究表明，斑马鱼是全球南方地区合适的脊椎动物模型系统。