microRNA is a class of single-stranded RNA molecules of about 22–24 nucleotides in length, which regulate a variety of biological processes, including lipid metabolism and triglyceride synthesis at transcriptional and translational levels by degrading target mRNAs or interfering with the protein production. In this study, the effect of miR-2382-5p on triglyceride levels was examined in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs), and the results showed that miR-2382-5p could decrease the content of triglyceride. Furthermore, miR-2382-5p regulated the expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1beta (PPARGC1B), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), which are known to increase triglyceride decomposition in lipid metabolism. Luciferase reporter assay and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) validated that miR-2382-5p downregulated the mRNA expression of target gene N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) by specifically recognizing and binding to its 3′-untranslated region (UTR). Meanwhile, overexpression of NDRG2 led to increased triglyceride and cholesterol production in BMECs. In summary, this study suggested that miR-2382-5p regulated lipid metabolism by targeting NDRG2, which might be a potential target for molecular manipulation of milk fat composition to produce healthy milk. This study also provided basic data for further understanding lipid metabolism in dairy cattle.

中文翻译：

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miR-2382-5p通过靶向乳牛的乳腺上皮细胞中的NDRG2调节脂质代谢

microRNA是一类长约22-24个核苷酸的单链RNA分子，它通过降解目标mRNA或干扰蛋白质的产生，在转录和翻译水平上调节多种生物过程，包括脂质代谢和甘油三酸酯的合成。在这项研究中，检查了miR-2382-5p对牛乳腺上皮细胞（BMEC）中甘油三酸酯水平的影响，结果表明miR-2382-5p可以降低甘油三酸酯的含量。此外，miR-2382-5p调节脂蛋白脂肪酶（LPL），过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活物1beta（PPARGC1B），激素敏感性脂肪酶（HSL）和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（PPARγ），已知在脂质代谢中会增加甘油三酸酯的分解。荧光素酶报告基因检测和定量实时PCR（qPCR）证实miR-2382-5p通过特异性识别并结合其3'-非翻译区来下调靶基因N-myc下游调控基因2（NDRG2）的mRNA表达（ UTR）。同时，NDRG2的过表达导致BMEC中甘油三酯和胆固醇的产生增加。总之，这项研究表明，miR-2382-5p通过靶向NDRG2来调节脂质代谢，这可能是对乳脂成分进行分子控制以生产健康乳的潜在目标。该研究还为进一步了解奶牛脂质代谢提供了基础数据。