Different mechanisms have been proposed to solve opportunistic spectrum access (OSA). In order to address spectrum management efficiently, these mechanisms can be divided into four main functionalities, spectrum sensing, decision-making, sharing, and mobility. These functionalities depend on the interpretation and adaptation of different parameters, for example, sensing and data interpretation for adaptive modulation, power adjustments, and changes regarding the range of frequency operation. For the decision-making function, a novel approach is proposed in which coding information is added to the establishment of the communication process thus assisting the medium access control (MAC). The presence of cognitive radio devices in the network coverage range can be controlled or coordinated by using specific redundancy codes. Hence, Reed Solomon (RS) code is used in this paper as part of the handshaking process to provide error correction. In addition, a redundancy strategy based on Rabin’s information dispersal algorithm (IDA) is presented to provide fault tolerance to the communication between cognitive radio devices. In this case, the information is divided into fragments dynamically, and each fragment is coded by an RS code and reassigned to a subset of recipients using alternate paths. This work shows how to optimize spectrum access based on IDA and RS codes to diversify channel occupation without losing significant information with several frequency hops presented in cognitive radio communications. The validations were executed in a discrete event simulator developed in Python. The proposed system for OSA was found to perform better than other approaches using pilot sequences. Our proposal, therefore, provides fault tolerance, to diversify channel occupation, and helps identify the presence of primary and secondary users when a common control channel (CCC) is implemented by the optimization of the spectrum use.

中文翻译：

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统计决策和编码MAC的机会频谱接入系统设计

已经提出了不同的机制来解决机会频谱接入（OSA）。为了有效地解决频谱管理问题，这些机制可以分为四个主要功能，频谱感测，决策，共享和移动性。这些功能取决于不同参数的解释和适应，例如，自适应调制的感测和数据解释，功率调整以及有关频率工作范围的变化。对于决策功能，提出了一种新颖的方法，其中将编码信息添加到通信过程的建立中，从而辅助媒体访问控制（MAC）。可以通过使用特定的冗余代码来控制或协调网络覆盖范围内认知无线电设备的存在。因此，Reed Solomon（RS）代码在本文中用作握手过程的一部分，以提供纠错功能。此外，提出了一种基于Rabin信息分散算法（IDA）的冗余策略，以为认知无线电设备之间的通信提供容错能力。在这种情况下，信息会动态地划分为多个片段，每个片段均由RS码编码，并使用备用路径重新分配给收件人的子集。这项工作展示了如何基于IDA和RS代码优化频谱访问，以分散信道占用，而不会因认知无线电通信中出现的若干跳频而丢失大量信息。验证是在Python开发的离散事件模拟器中执行的。发现所提出的OSA系统比使用导频序列的其他方法具有更好的性能。因此，我们的建议提供了容错能力，以使信道占用多样化，并在通过优化频谱使用实现公共控制信道（CCC）时帮助识别主要用户和次要用户的存在。