A more applicable adsorbent was fabricated using industrial wastes such as red mud, fly ash, and riverbed sediments. The heavy metal inside the raw materials created metal hydroxy on the adsorbent surface that offered elevated adsorption capacity for phosphorus. The required equilibrium time for the adsorption is only 10 min. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was 9.84 mg·g−1 inferred from the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Higher solution pH favored phosphorus adsorption. Kinetics study showed that the adsorption could be better fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The presence of coexisting anions had no significant adverse impact on phosphorus removal. The speciation of the adsorbed phosphorus indicated that the adsorption to iron and aluminum is the dominating adsorption mechanism. Moreover, a dynamic adsorption column experiment showed that, under a hydraulic time of 10 min, more than 80% of the phosphorus in the influent was removed and the surplus phosphorus concentration was close to 0.1 mg L−1. The water quality after adsorption revealed its applicability in real treatment. Consequently, the adsorbent synthesized from industrial wastes is efficient and applicable due to the high efficiency of phosphorus removal and eco-friendly behavior in solutions.

中文翻译：

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用工业废物制备陶粒吸附剂去除水溶液中的磷

使用工业废物如赤泥、粉煤灰和河床沉积物制造了一种更适用的吸附剂。原材料中的重金属在吸附剂表面产生金属羟基，从而提高了对磷的吸附能力。吸附所需的平衡时间仅为 10 分钟。从朗缪尔吸附等温线推断，吸附剂的理论最大吸附容量为 9.84 mg·g-1。较高的溶液 pH 值有利于磷的吸附。动力学研究表明，吸附可以更好地拟合伪二级动力学模型。共存阴离子的存在对除磷没有显着的不利影响。吸附磷的形态表明对铁和铝的吸附是主要的吸附机制。而且，动态吸附柱实验表明，在10 min的水力时间下，进水中80%以上的磷被去除，剩余磷浓度接近0.1 mg L-1。吸附后的水质表明其在实际处理中的适用性。因此，由工业废物合成的吸附剂由于除磷效率高和溶液中的生态友好行为而有效且适用。