We evaluated the host suitability and related traits of Trichoplusia ni Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Chrysodeixis chalcites Esper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), which is nonnative in North America, for the native parasitoids Campoletis sonorensis Cameron (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Copidosoma floridanum Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and the nonnative parasitoid Cotesia vanessae Reinhard (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). For the larval parasitoid C. sonorensis and C. vanessae trials, three-day-old larvae of both hosts were used, whereas one-day-old eggs of both hosts were used for the egg–larval parasitoid C. floridanum trial. For suitability parameters on each host exposed separately to each of the three parasitoid species, we measured parasitoid emergence (parasitoid success), parasitoids that did not emerge (parasitoid cocoon mortality), the proportion of male offspring (parasitoid sex ratio), hosts that developed into moths (host success), hosts that died without developing into moths or producing a parasitoid (host mortality), parasitoids emerging from cocoon masses (brood size), and the developmental times of parasitoids and hosts. For C. sonorensis, the native host and the nonnative host were found to be similarly suitable. For C. vanessae, the native host was more suitable than the nonnative host. For C. floridanum, the native host was suitable, whereas the nonnative host was not; however, sublethal effects on both the native and nonnative hosts were observed. The differential suitability of the hosts observed in this study contributes to the understanding of this measure as a dynamic factor in the expansion of parasitoids into novel host species.

我们评估主机的适用性和相关性状夜蛾棉铃虫（夜蛾）和Chrysodeixis chalcites埃斯佩尔（夜蛾），这是外来在北美，对天然蜂齿唇姬sonorensis卡梅伦（膜翅目：姬蜂）和Copidosoma floridanum蜂（膜翅目：Encyrtidae），和非原生寄生性疣鼻猴Cotesia vanessae Reinhard（膜翅目：Braconidae）。对于幼虫类寄生虫C. sonorensis和C. vanessae试验，使用了两个寄主的三日龄幼虫，而两个寄主的一天卵均用于卵-幼虫寄生性佛罗里达梭状芽孢杆菌。审判。对于分别暴露于三种寄生虫物种中的每一种的宿主的适应性参数，我们测量了寄生虫的出现（成功的寄生虫），未出现的寄生虫（寄生虫茧死亡率），雄性后代的比例（寄生虫性别比），已发育的宿主进入飞蛾（寄主成功），死后没有发育成飞蛾或不产生寄生虫的寄主（寄主死亡率），从茧团中浮出的寄生虫（种群大小）以及寄生虫和寄主的发育时间。对于C. sonorensis，发现天然宿主和非天然宿主同样合适。对于C. vanessae而言，本地主机比非本地主机更适合。对于佛罗里达，本机主机适合，而非本机主机不适合；然而，观察到对本地和非本地宿主的亚致死作用。在这项研究中观察到的宿主的不同适应性有助于对该方法的理解，因为它是将寄生物扩展为新型宿主物种的动态因素。