Frontiers in Earth Science ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-05 , DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.577068 Jonathan L. Carrivick , Fiona S. Tweed , Jenna L. Sutherland , Joseph Mallalieu
Global climate change is evidently manifest in disappearing mountain glaciers and receding and thinning ice sheet margins. Concern about contemporaneous proglacial lake development has spurred an emerging area of research seeking to quantitatively understand lake - glacier interactions. This perspectives article identifies spatio-temporal disparity between the coverage of field data, remote sensing observations and numerical modeling efforts. Throughout, an overview of the physical effects of lakes on glaciers and on ice sheet margins is provided, drawing evidence together from very recent and high-impact studies of both modern glaciology and of the Quaternary record. We identify and discuss six challenges for numerical modeling of lake - glacier interactions, namely that there are meltwater exchanges between glaciers and ice-marginal lakes, lake bathymetry and glacier bed topography are often unknown, lake - glacier interactions affect the longitudinal stress regime of glaciers, lake water temperature affects glacier melting but is very poorly constrained, the interactions persist with considerable spatio-temporal variability and with boundary migration, and data for model parameterization and validation is extremely scarce. Overall, we contend that numerical modeling is a key frontier in the cryospheric sciences to deliver process understanding of lake - glacier interactions.
中文翻译:
冰缘冰河湖泊与冰川之间相互作用的数值模拟
全球气候变化显然表现在消失的高山冰川以及冰盖边缘的后退和变薄。对同期冰川湖发展的关注促使人们涌现出一个新的研究领域,该研究试图定量地了解湖泊与冰川之间的相互作用。该观点文章确定了现场数据的覆盖范围,遥感观测和数值建模工作之间的时空差异。在整个过程中,对湖泊对冰川和冰盖边缘的物理影响进行了概述,从现代冰川学和第四纪记录的最新研究和高影响力研究中收集了证据。我们确定并讨论了湖泊与冰川相互作用的数值模拟所面临的六个挑战,即冰川与冰缘湖之间存在融水交换,湖泊测深法和冰川床地形常常是未知的,湖泊与冰川的相互作用会影响冰川的纵向应力状态,湖泊水温会影响冰川融化,但约束性很差,这种相互作用持续时空变异性很大,边界迁移也很严重,数据用于模型参数化和验证的极为匮乏。总体而言,我们认为,数值模拟是冰冻圈科学中提供对湖泊-冰川相互作用的过程理解的关键领域。而且用于模型参数化和验证的数据非常稀缺。总体而言,我们认为,数值模拟是冰冻圈科学中提供对湖泊-冰川相互作用的过程理解的关键领域。而且用于模型参数化和验证的数据非常稀缺。总体而言,我们认为,数值模拟是冰冻圈科学中提供对湖泊-冰川相互作用的过程理解的关键领域。