Abstract The low-voltage cardioversion-defibrillation is a modern sparing electrotherapy method for such dangerous heart arrhythmias as paroxysmal tachycardia and fibrillation. In an excitable medium, such arrhythmias relate to appearance of spiral waves of electrical excitation, and the spiral waves are superseded to the electric boundary of the medium in the process of treatment due to high-frequency stimulation from the electrode. In this paper we consider the Aliev–Panfilov myocardial model, which provides a positive tension of three-dimensional scroll waves, and an axisymmetric model of the left ventricle of the human heart. Two relations of anisotropy are considered, namely, isotropy and physiological anisotropy. The periods of stimulation with an apical electrode are found so that the electrode successfully entrains its rhythm in the medium, the spiral wave is superseded to the base of the ventricle, and disappears. The results are compared in two-dimensional and three-dimensional media. The intervals of effective stimulation periods are sufficiently close to each other in the two-dimensional case and in the anatomical model. However, the use of the anatomical model is essential in determination of the time of superseding.

中文翻译：

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Aliev-Panfilov 模型和轴对称心脏左心室中涡旋波的诱导漂移

摘要 低压电复律除颤是治疗阵发性心动过速、房颤等危险性心律失常的现代电疗方法。在可兴奋介质中，这种心律失常与电激发螺旋波的出现有关，在治疗过程中，由于电极的高频刺激，螺旋波被取代到介质的电边界。在本文中，我们考虑了 Aliev-Panfilov 心肌模型，它提供了三维滚动波的正张力，以及人类心脏左心室的轴对称模型。考虑了各向异性的两种关系，即各向同性和生理各向异性。发现顶端电极的刺激周期，以便电极成功地将其节奏带入介质中，螺旋波被取代到心室底部，然后消失。结果在二维和三维媒体中进行了比较。在二维情况下和在解剖模型中，有效刺激周期的间隔彼此足够接近。但是，解剖模型的使用对于确定替代时间至关重要。