Central Asia, the pioneering place of the ‘Belt and Road’, is under the threat of prominent water issues. Based on the Gini coefficient model and the matching index, the amount of the total renewable water resources and the cultivated land area were introduced to evaluate the matching pattern between the water and land resources in Central Asia. The water problem of Kazakhstan, being the most prominent, shows low water resources per unit area with the highest reclamation rate. The matching degree for the upstream countries of the Aral Sea (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan) was better than those of the downstream countries (Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan). The Gini coefficient in Central Asia was 0.32, smaller than that of the global average value (0.59). The overall water available for use and the matching cultivated land resources was reasonable. Large differences exist in the matching degree in water distribution and utilization among Central Asian countries. The matching index of water and land resources in Central Asia was 1.25, similar to the matching degree estimated from the Gini coefficient model. Moreover, rational measures are suggested to alleviate the issue of water and land resources matching in Central Asia.

中文翻译：

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中亚水土资源时空匹配格局分析

中亚作为“一带一路”的先行地，面临着突出的水资源问题。基于基尼系数模型和匹配指数，引入可再生水资源总量和耕地面积来评价中亚地区水土资源的匹配模式。哈萨克斯坦水资源问题最为突出，单位面积水资源少，复垦率最高。咸海上游国家（吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦）的匹配度优于下游国家（土库曼斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、哈萨克斯坦）。中亚地区基尼系数为0.32，低于全球平均值（0.59）。总体可用水量及配套耕地资源合理。中亚国家之间在水资源分配和利用方面的匹配程度存在较大差异。中亚地区水土资源匹配指数为1.25，与基尼系数模型估计的匹配度相近。并提出合理措施，缓解中亚地区水土资源匹配问题。