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A Reel-Down Instrument System for Profile Measurements of Water Vapor, Temperature, Clouds and Aerosol Beneath Constant Altitude Scientific Balloons
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-27 , DOI: 10.5194/amt-2020-347
Lars E. Kalnajs , Sean M. Davis , J. Douglas Goetz , Terry Deshler , Sergey Khaykin , Alex St. Clair , Albert Hertzog , Jerome Bordereau , Alexey Lykov

Abstract. The Tropical Tropopause Layer (14–18.5 km) is the gateway for most air entering the stratosphere, and therefore processes within this layer have an outsized influence in determining global stratospheric ozone and water vapor concentrations. Despite the importance of this layer there are few in situ measurements with the necessary detail to resolve the fine scale processes within this region. Here, we introduce a novel platform for high resolution in situ profiling that lowers and retracts a suspended instrument package beneath drifting long duration balloons in the tropics. During a 100-day circumtropical flight, the instrument collected over 100 two-kilometer profiles of temperature, water vapor and aerosol at one-meter resolution, yielding unprecedented geographic sampling and vertical resolution. The instrument system integrates proven sensors for water vapor, temperature, pressure and cloud and aerosol particles with an innovative mechanical reeling and control system. A technical evaluation of the system performance demonstrated the feasibility of this new measurement platform for future missions with minor modifications. Six instruments planned for two upcoming field campaigns are expected to provide over 4000 profiles through the TTL, quadrupling the number of high-resolution aircraft and balloon profiles collected to date. These and future measurements will provide the necessary resolution to diagnose the importance of competing mechanisms for the transport of water vapor across the TTL.

中文翻译:

卷取仪系统,用于恒定高度科学气球下水蒸气,温度,云和气溶胶的轮廓测量

摘要。热带对流层(14-18.5公里)是大多数进入平流层的空气的通道,因此,该层内的过程对确定全球平流层臭氧和水蒸气浓度的影响很大。尽管这一层很重要,但很少有具有必要细节的原位测量来解决该区域内的精细过程。在这里,我们介绍了一种用于高分辨率原位剖析的新颖平台,该平台可将悬浮的仪器套件降低和缩回在热带地区漂移较长时间的气球下。在为期100天的环空飞行中,该仪器以一米的分辨率收集了100多个两公里的温度,水蒸气和气溶胶剖面,从而提供了前所未有的地理采样和垂直分辨率。该仪器系统将经过验证的水蒸气,温度,压力,云和气溶胶颗粒传感器与创新的机械绕线和控制系统集成在一起。对系统性能的技术评估证明了该新的测量平台对未来任务进行的微小改动的可行性。计划用于即将进行的两次野战的六种仪器预计将通过TTL提供4000多种配置文件,是迄今为止收集的高分辨率飞机和气球配置文件数量的四倍。这些和将来的测量结果将提供必要的分辨率,以诊断竞争性机制对跨越TTL传输水蒸气的重要性。对系统性能的技术评估证明了该新的测量平台对未来任务进行的微小改动的可行性。计划用于即将进行的两次野战的六种仪器预计将通过TTL提供4000多种配置文件,是迄今为止收集的高分辨率飞机和气球配置文件数量的四倍。这些和将来的测量结果将提供必要的分辨率,以诊断竞争性机制对水蒸气在TTL中传输的重要性。对系统性能的技术评估证明了该新的测量平台对未来任务进行的微小改动的可行性。计划用于即将进行的两次野战的六种仪器预计将通过TTL提供4000多种配置文件,是迄今为止收集的高分辨率飞机和气球配置文件数量的四倍。这些和将来的测量结果将提供必要的分辨率,以诊断竞争性机制对跨越TTL传输水蒸气的重要性。迄今收集到的高分辨率飞机和气球轮廓的数量增加了三倍。这些和将来的测量结果将提供必要的分辨率,以诊断竞争性机制对跨越TTL传输水蒸气的重要性。迄今收集到的高分辨率飞机和气球轮廓的数量增加了三倍。这些和将来的测量结果将提供必要的分辨率,以诊断竞争性机制对跨越TTL传输水蒸气的重要性。
更新日期:2020-10-30
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