Abstract

Due to the impact of human agricultural production and climate and environmental changes, the applicability of groundwater for drinking purposes has attracted widespread attention. In order to quantify the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in Changchun New District and evaluate its quality for drinking purposes, 53 shallow groundwater samples were collected and analyzed. The results show that groundwater in aquifers in the study area is weakly alkaline. The abundance is in the order Ca²⁺ > Na⁺ > Mg²⁺ for cations, and HCO₃⁻ > Cl⁻ > SO₄²⁻ for anions. Ca-HCO₃•Cl water type dominated the area, constituting about 26.41% of the total samples; Ca-HCO₃ water type constituted about 22.64%; Ca•Na-HCO₃ and Ca•Na-HCO₃•Cl water types constituted 15.09% each, whereas Ca•Na-HCO₃•Cl•SO₄, Ca-HCO₃•Cl•SO₄, and Ca-SO₄•Cl types made up 22.64% each. Correlation analysis (CA) and principal component analyses (PCA) show that rock weathering and dissolution, and human activities are the main reasons affecting the chemical composition of water in Changchun. The high concentrations of Pb, NO₂⁻, Fe, and Mn must be widely concerned and may become the main environmental geological problems in the area. The analysis of water samples based on the water quality index model revealed that about 5.66%, 56.60%, 15.09%, 18.86%, and 3.77% of the shallow groundwater samples were excellent, good, poor, very poor, and unsuitable for drinking purposes, respectively. The analysis of groundwater samples based on the synthetic pollution index model showed that more than 37.74% of the groundwater samples were moderately polluted. The spatial distribution maps of the water quality index and the synthetic pollution index show that most of the shallow groundwater resources in the study area are clean and suitable for drinking, despite the risks of the shallow groundwater in the southeast of the study area.

摘要

由于人类农业生产以及气候和环境变化的影响，地下水在饮用方面的适用性引起了广泛关注。为了量化长春新区地下水的水化学特征并评估其饮用质量，收集并分析了53个浅层地下水样品。结果表明，研究区含水层中的地下水呈弱碱性。丰度的顺序的Ca ²⁺  >的Na ⁺  >镁²⁺为阳离子，和HCO ₃ ^-  >氯^-  > SO ₄ ^2-为阴离子。碳酸钙₃•氯水类型占主导地位，约占总样本的26.41％；Ca-HCO ₃水类型占约22.64％；Ca•Na-HCO ₃和Ca•Na-HCO ₃ •Cl水类型各占15.09％，而Ca•Na-HCO ₃ •Cl•SO ₄，Ca-HCO ₃ •Cl•SO ₄和Ca-SO ₄ •Cl类型各占22.64％。相关分析（CA）和主成分分析（PCA）表明，岩石的风化和溶解以及人类活动是影响长春市水化学成分的主要原因。高浓度的Pb，NO ₂ ^-，铁和锰必须受到广泛关注，并可能成为该地区的主要环境地质问题。根据水质指数模型进行的水样分析表明，约5.66％，56.60％，15.09％，18.86％和3.77％的浅层地下水水质优良，良好，差，极差且不适合饮用， 分别。基于综合污染指数模型的地下水样品分析表明，超过37.74％的地下水样品为中度污染。水质指数和综合污染指数的空间分布图显示，尽管研究区东南部存在浅层地下水的风险，但研究区中大多数浅层地下水资源是清洁的且适合饮用。