The onset of many degenerative diseases related to aging has been associated with a decrease in the activity of antistress systems, and pharmacological interventions increasing stress resistance could be effective to prevent the development of such diseases. Achiote is a valuable source of carotenoid and tocotrienols, which have antioxidant activity. In this work, we explore the capacity of an achiote seed extract and its main compounds to modulate the lifespan and antistress responses on Caenorhabditis elegans, as well as the mechanisms involved in these effects. Achiote lipophilic extract, bixin, and δ-tocotrienol were applied on nematodes to carry out lifespan, stress resistance, and fertility assays. The achiote seed extract increased the median and maximum lifespan up to 35% and 27% and increased resistance against oxidative and thermal stresses without adverse effects on fertility. The beneficial effects were mimicked by a bixin+δ-tocotrienol mixture. All the effects on lifespan and stress resistance were independent of caloric restriction but dependent on the insulin/insulin growth factor-1 pathway. This study could provide insights for further research on a new beneficial use of this important crop in health and nutraceutical applications beyond its use as a source of natural pigments.

中文翻译：

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Achiote (Bixa orellana) 亲脂性提取物、Bixin 和 δ-生育三烯酚对秀丽隐杆线虫寿命和抗逆性的影响

许多与衰老相关的退行性疾病的发生与抗应激系统活性的降低有关，增加抗压能力的药物干预可以有效防止此类疾病的发展。Achiote 是类胡萝卜素和生育三烯酚的宝贵来源，它们具有抗氧化活性。在这项工作中，我们探索了 achiote 种子提取物及其主要化合物调节秀丽隐杆线虫的寿命和抗应激反应的能力，以及这些影响所涉及的机制。将 Achiote 亲脂提取物、碧玺和 δ-生育三烯酚应用于线虫以进行寿命、抗逆性和生育力测定。achiote 种子提取物将平均寿命和最长寿命提高了 35% 和 27%，并增加了对氧化和热应激的抵抗力，而不会对生育力产生不利影响。碧玺+δ-生育三烯酚混合物模拟了有益效果。所有对寿命和抗压性的影响都与热量限制无关，但取决于胰岛素/胰岛素生长因子-1 通路。这项研究可以为进一步研究这种重要作物在健康和营养保健应用中的新有益用途提供见解，而不仅仅是将其用作天然色素的来源。所有对寿命和抗压性的影响都与热量限制无关，但取决于胰岛素/胰岛素生长因子-1 通路。这项研究可以为进一步研究这种重要作物在健康和营养保健应用中的新有益用途提供见解，而不仅仅是将其用作天然色素的来源。所有对寿命和抗压性的影响都与热量限制无关，但取决于胰岛素/胰岛素生长因子-1 通路。这项研究可以为进一步研究这种重要作物在健康和营养保健应用中的新有益用途提供见解，而不仅仅是将其用作天然色素的来源。